DVD discs as low-cost diagnostics for GMO screening

We demonstrate the incorporation of low-cost and easy-to-fabricate microfluidic chambers on digital versatile discs (DVDs) to perform DNA assays using standard, commercially available and unmodified DVD drives. This simple microarray-based method is applied for the screening of seven prevalent strains of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in maize and soybean food samples. The detection limit of our system was found to be 7 μg/g, well exceeding the EU regulation limits for GMOs in food products.