The galaxiid fishes of South America

Four galaxiid species in two genera are recognized and redescribed from the South American region, viz., Galaxias maculatus (Jenyns), G. platei Steindachner, G. globiceps Eigenmann, and Brachygalaxias bullocki (Regan). All of these species occur in Chile, but G. maculatus and G. platei occur also east of the Andean divide in Argentina, in Tierra del Fuego, and the Falkland Islands. The two species east of the Andes are regarded as having crossed the mountains from west to east. The galaxiids, together with Aplochiton (family Aplochitonidae) and Geotria (family Petromyzonidae), are regarded as southern circumpolar elements in the South American freshwater fish fauna, distinct from the group of species of Amazonian derivation (trichomycterids, Nematogenys, Diplomystes, Cheirodon, etc.) and distinct also from oceanic derivatives, either recent (atherinids) or ancient (serranids).

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