Preparation of polymer-grafted carbon black nanoparticles by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization

Pristine carbon black was oxidized with nitric acid to produce carboxyl group, and then the carboxyl group was consecutively treated with thionyl chloride and glycol to introduce hydroxyl group. The hydroxyl group on the carbon black surface was reacted with 2-bromo-2-methylpropionyl bromide to anchor atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiator. The ATRP initiator on carbon black surface was verified by TGA, FTIR, EDS, and elemental analysis. Then, poly (methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene chains were respectively, grown from carbon black surface by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) using CuCl/2,2-dipyridyl (bpy) as the catalyst/ligand combination at 110 °C in anisole. 1 H NMR, TGA, TEM, AFM, DSC, and DLS were used to systemically characterize the polymer-grafted carbon black nanoparticles. Dispersion experiments showed that the grafted carbon black nanoparticles had good solubilities in organic solvents such as THF, chloroform, dichloromethane, DMF, etc.

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