The Effect of Billet Location on Completely Closed Cavity Die Forging

The effect of the accuracy of location of cylindrical billets in completely closed cavity dies, on forging loads and product accuracy has been investigated. Aluminium billets with various off-centre locations were forged at room temperature on a 3000 kN hydraulic testing machine. The results indicate that inaccuracies in billet location significantly affect forging load requirements and dimensional accuracy of forgings. An energy method solution is presented to provide accurate load predictions for relatively small off-centre locations of billets.