Accommodating heterogeneous missing data patterns for prostate cancer risk prediction

1 Department of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany 2 Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA 3 Department of Urology, Durham Veterans Administration Health Care System, Durham, North Carolina, USA 4 Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA 5 Martini-Clinic Prostate Cancer Center, University Clinic Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany 6 Department of Surgery, Urology Section, Veterans Affairs Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, Puerto Rico 7 Department of Urology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA 8 Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA 9 Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA 10 Departments of Urology and Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San

[1]  Donald B. Rubin,et al.  ‘Clarifying missing at random and related definitions, and implications when coupled with exchangeability’ , 2015 .

[2]  C. Stein Inadmissibility of the Usual Estimator for the Mean of a Multivariate Normal Distribution , 1956 .

[3]  Andrew J. Vickers,et al.  The Relationship between Prostate-Specific Antigen and Prostate Cancer Risk: The Prostate Biopsy Collaborative Group , 2010, Clinical Cancer Research.

[4]  Stef van Buuren,et al.  MICE: Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations in R , 2011 .

[5]  Karla Diaz-Ordaz,et al.  Informative presence and observation in routine health data: A review of methodology for clinical risk prediction , 2020, J. Am. Medical Informatics Assoc..

[6]  M. Eklund,et al.  Head-to-head Comparison of Conventional, and Image- and Biomarker-based Prostate Cancer Risk Calculators. , 2020, European urology focus.

[7]  Glen P Martin,et al.  Missing data should be handled differently for prediction than for description or causal explanation. , 2020, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[8]  Lori J Sokoll,et al.  Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial risk calculator 2.0 for the prediction of low- vs high-grade prostate cancer. , 2014, Urology.

[9]  E. Steyerberg,et al.  Prediction of prostate cancer risk: the role of prostate volume and digital rectal examination in the ERSPC risk calculators. , 2012, European urology.

[10]  Karel G M Moons,et al.  Missing covariate data in clinical research: when and when not to use the missing-indicator method for analysis , 2012, Canadian Medical Association Journal.

[11]  Qingxia Chen,et al.  Missing covariate data in medical research: to impute is better than to ignore. , 2010, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[12]  Todd E. Bodner,et al.  What Improves with Increased Missing Data Imputations? , 2008 .

[13]  S. Janković,et al.  Adaptation of the prostate biopsy collaborative group risk calculator in patients with PSA less than 10 ng/ml improves its performance , 2020, International Urology and Nephrology.

[14]  J. Epstein,et al.  How Are Gleason Scores Categorized in the Current Literature: An Analysis and Comparison of Articles Published in 2016-2017. , 2019, European urology.

[15]  A Rogier T Donders,et al.  Imputation of missing values is superior to complete case analysis and the missing-indicator method in multivariable diagnostic research: a clinical example. , 2006, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[16]  Bots Ml,et al.  Real-time imputation of missing predictor values improved the application of prediction models in daily practice. , 2021, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[17]  T. Stijnen,et al.  Review: a gentle introduction to imputation of missing values. , 2006, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[18]  J. Schalken,et al.  Validation of a 2‐gene mRNA urine test for the detection of ≥GG2 prostate cancer in an opportunistic screening population , 2020, The Prostate.

[19]  Jonathan A C Sterne,et al.  Accounting for missing data in statistical analyses: multiple imputation is not always the answer , 2019, International journal of epidemiology.

[20]  M. Kattan,et al.  Multi-cohort modeling strategies for scalable globally accessible prostate cancer risk tools , 2019, BMC Medical Research Methodology.

[21]  M. Cooperberg,et al.  A Contemporary Prostate Biopsy Risk Calculator Based on Multiple Heterogeneous Cohorts. , 2018, European urology.

[22]  Thomas Lynch,et al.  A risk calculator to inform the need for a prostate biopsy: a rapid access clinic cohort , 2020, BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making.

[23]  R. Kittles,et al.  A comparative effectiveness analysis of the PBCG vs. PCPT risks calculators in a multi-ethnic cohort , 2019, BMC Urology.

[24]  Patrick Royston,et al.  Multiple imputation using chained equations: Issues and guidance for practice , 2011, Statistics in medicine.