Petrology and tectonic implications of Silurian(?) metavolcanic rocks in the Clyburn Brook area and on Ingonish Island, northeastern Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia

Metavolcanic rocks in the Clyburn Brook area of northeastern Cape Breton Island range in composition from mafic to felsic, include flows and tuffs, and are interlayered with less abundant semi-pelitic metasedimentaiy rocks. In contrast, metavolcanic rocks on nearby Ingonish Island are mainly rhyolitic flows and tuffs, and lack interlayered metasedimentary rocks. Because correlation between these two areas cannot be confirmed without more radiometric dating, continued use of separate names (Clyburn Brook formation and Ingonish Island rhyolite) is advocated. Rocks in the Clyburn Brook formation contain greenschist facies mineral assemblages and are mainly well foliated. Although also metamorphosed, the Ingonish Island rhyolite is mainly unfoliated, and the metamorphism may be a result of contact metamorphism. A contact metamorphic overprint is also present in the Clyburn Brook formation adjacent to the ca. 402 Ma Cameron Brook Granodiorite, and felsic dykes perhaps related to the intrusion occur in both the Clyburn Brook formation and the Ingonish Island rhyolite. These observations suggest that both units are older than ca. 402 Ma, consistent with a previously published imprecise Rb-Sr date of 412 ±15 Ma for the Ingonish Island rhyolite. Petrochemical characteristics of mafic rocks in the Clyburn Brook formation indicate tholeiitic affinity and origin in an arc-related setting, possibly a back-arc. Although they show chemical differences, felsic rocks in both the Clyburn Brook formation and on Ingonish Island have compositions consistent with an extensional setting, possibly within a continental arc or back-arc such as the modern-day Taupo volcanic zone in New Zealand. Overall, the Clyburn Brook formation shows lithological and chemical similarity to the Money Point Group, a Silurian (ca. 430 Ma) volcanic arc/back-arc unit in the Aspy terrane of Cape Breton Island, and is inferred to be of similar age. RESUME Les roches volcaniques metamorphisees du secteur du ruisseau Clyburn dans le nord-est de l'ile du Cap-Breton sont composees de roches allant de mafiques a felsiques. Elles renferment des coulees et des tufs, et elles sont interstratifiees de roches metasedimentaires semi-pelitiques moins abondantes. A l'oppose, les roches volcaniques metamorphisees de Tile voisine d'Ingonish sont principalement des coulees et des tufs rhyolitiques sans roches metasedimentaires interstratifiees. Comme les chercheurs ne peuvent pas confirmer la correlation entre ces deux secteurs sans datation radiometrique plus poussee, ils recommandent qu'on continue a utiliser des noms separes (formation de Clyburn Brook et rhyolite de l'ile Ingonish). Les roches de la formation de Clyburn Brook renferment des associations mineralogiques de facies de schistes verts et elles sont passablement feuilletees. Meme si la rhyolite de l'ile Ingonish est elle aussi metamorphisee, elle est essentiellement non feuilletee et le metamorphisme pourrait etre du a un metamorphisme de contact. Une surimposition metamorphique de contact est egalement presente dans la formation de Clyburn Brook adjacente e la granodiorite d'il y a environ 402 Ma du ruisseau Cameron, et on releve la presence de dykes felsiques sans doute relies e l'intrusion tant dans la formation de Clyburn Brook que dans la rhyolite de l'ile Ingonish. Ces observations laissent supposer que les deux unites sont anterieures a environ 402 Ma, ce qui correspondrait e la datation au Rb-Sr imprecise de 412 ±15 Ma de la rhyolite de l'ile Ingonish precedemment publiee. Les caracteristiques petrochimiques des roches mafiques de la formation de Clyburn Brook temoignent d'une affinite tholeiitique avec un cadre associe a un arc, possiblement un arriere-arc, d'ou elles proviendraient. Les roches felsiques de la formation de Clyburn Brook et de l'ile Ingonish, meme si elles affichent des differences chimiques, correspondent a un cadre d'extension, possiblement a l'interieur d'un arc continental ou d'un arriere-arc, comme la zone volcanique actuelle de Taupo en Nouvelle-Zelande. La formation de Clyburn Brook presente dans son ensemble une similarite lithologique et chimique avec le groupe de la pointe Money, une unite d'arc / arriere-arc volcanique du Silurien (d'environ 430 Ma) dans le terrane d'Aspy sur Tile du Cap-Breton, et on la suppose d'un âge analogue. [Traduit par la redaction]

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