Why are some e-mails forwarded and others not?

Purpose – This study aims to explain why e‐mails trigger emotional response states in receivers and to explore the influence of e‐mail formats on the receivers' intention to forward e‐mails.Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from 305 undergraduate and EMBA students in one university in Northern Taiwan. Participants were asked to fill out the questionnaire based on any forwarded e‐mail that they had recently received.Findings – This study reveals that people will have a stronger intention to forward e‐mails that make them feel positive emotions, display richer information, are greater in length, or include audio and visual information.Research limitations/implications – This study shows that e‐mail forwarding function maintains guanxi with others, supporting the social psychology theory that personal emotional states will trigger specific behaviors. Also, this paper extends the explanation of the “information richness” theory concerning the influence of format on receivers' e‐mail forwarding...

[1]  Richard L. Daft,et al.  Organizational information requirements, media richness and structural design , 1986 .

[2]  Douglas T. Kenrick,et al.  Insights from sadness: A three-step model of the development of altruism as hedonism , 1981 .

[3]  A. Major Environmental Concern and Situational Communication Theory: Implications for Communicating With Environmental Publics , 1993 .

[4]  Dov Te'eni,et al.  Review: A Cognitive-Affective Model of Organizational Communication for Designing IT , 2001, MIS Q..

[5]  J. J. Seta,et al.  Mood, Memory, and Vigilance: The Influence of Distraction on Recall and Impression Formation , 1994 .

[6]  Lee Sproull,et al.  Using Electronic Mail for Data Collection in Organizational Research , 1986 .

[7]  G. Robert J. Hockey,et al.  Effects of negative mood states on risk in everyday decision making , 2000 .

[8]  Jennifer E. Rowley,et al.  Remodelling marketing communications in an Internet environment , 2001, Internet Res..

[9]  L. Sanna Defensive Pessimism and Optimism: The Bitter-Sweet Influence of Mood on Performance and Prefactual and Counterfactual Thinking , 1998 .

[10]  Ruth Rettie,et al.  An evaluation of e-mail marketing and factors affecting response , 2003 .

[11]  Robert M. Schindler,et al.  Internet forums as influential sources of consumer information , 2001 .

[12]  Ojelanki K. Ngwenyama,et al.  Communication Richness in Electronic Mail: Critical Social Theory and the Contextuality of Meaning , 1997, MIS Q..

[13]  M. Cunningham Weather, mood, and helping behavior: Quasi experiments with the sunshine samaritan. , 1979 .

[14]  Yadong Luo,et al.  Guanxi and organizational dynamics: organizational networking in Chinese firms , 2001 .

[15]  Prashanth U. Nyer A study of the relationships between cognitive appraisals and consumption emotions , 1997 .

[16]  D. R. Shaffer,et al.  Separate processes in the relation of elation and depression to helping: Social versus personal concerns , 1990 .

[17]  M. Markus Electronic Mail as the Medium of Managerial Choice , 1994 .

[18]  J. Pearce,et al.  Guanxi: Connections As Substitutes for Formal Institutional Support , 1996 .

[19]  David G. Schwartz,et al.  The process of organizational communication: a model and field study , 2001 .

[20]  I. A. Rudy,et al.  A critical review of research on electronic mail , 1996 .

[21]  A. Isen,et al.  Toward understanding the role of affect in cognition. , 1984 .

[22]  J. Aram,et al.  Networking and growth of young technology-intensive ventures in China☆ , 1995 .

[23]  Ming-Hui Huang,et al.  The Theory of Emotions in Marketing , 2001 .

[24]  M. Strube,et al.  Independence Revisited: The Relation between Positive and Negative Affect in a Naturalistic Setting , 1994 .

[25]  Ann Lantz,et al.  Heavy Users of Electronic Mail , 1998, Int. J. Hum. Comput. Interact..

[26]  Kimberly D. Elsbach,et al.  The Effects of Mood on Individuals' Use of Structured Decision Protocols , 1999 .

[27]  Marko Merisavo,et al.  Email advertising : exploratory insightsfrom Finland , 2003 .

[28]  M. Gilly,et al.  A dyadic study of interpersonal information search , 1998 .

[29]  P. Starr,et al.  Self as actor, active observer, and passive observer: Implications for causal attributions. , 1979 .

[30]  Meryl P. Gardner,et al.  Mood States and Consumer Behavior: A Critical Review , 1985 .