Institutional Influences on strategic entrepreneurial Behaviours

The purpose of this paper is to examine the existence of cross-level moderating effects between national appropriability conditions, individual level predictors and entrepreneurial growth aspirations. We test a multi-level model that connects the determinants of strategic resource allocation decisions at the individual level with the strength of the intellectual property rights regime at the national level. The results suggest that the strengths of the intellectual property regime will moderate negatively the relationship between an individual's education and her growth aspirations and moderate positively the relationship between an individual's income and her growth aspirations. The findings support claims that strategic entrepreneurial behavior cannot be fully understood without giving attention to the context in which those behaviors are observed.

[1]  Magnus Henrekson,et al.  Gazelles as job creators: a survey and interpretation of the evidence , 2010 .

[2]  Erkko Autio,et al.  A theoretical grounding and test of the GEM model , 2008 .

[3]  M. Stevens,et al.  Sieve, Incubator, Temple, Hub: Empirical and Theoretical Advances in the Sociology of Higher Education , 2008 .

[4]  Sin Yi Cheung,et al.  Horizontal Stratification in Postsecondary Education: Forms, Explanations, and Implications , 2008 .

[5]  Z. Ács,et al.  Foundations of High Impact Entrepreneurship , 2008 .

[6]  Peter G. Klein Opportunity Discovery, Entrepreneurial Action, and Economic Organization , 2008 .

[7]  H. P. Bowen,et al.  Institutional context and the allocation of entrepreneurial effort , 2008 .

[8]  A. Lusardi,et al.  Explaining International Differences in Entrepreneurship: The Role of Individual Characteristics and Regulatory Constraints , 2008 .

[9]  N. Foss,et al.  Understanding Opportunity Discovery and Sustainable Advantage: The Role of Transaction Costs and Property Rights , 2008 .

[10]  Johan Wiklund,et al.  The Effect of Small Business Managers’ Growth Motivation on Firm Growth: A Longitudinal Study , 2008 .

[11]  Mike Wright,et al.  Opportunity Identification and Pursuit: Does an Entrepreneur’s Human Capital Matter? , 2008 .

[12]  Paul W. Beamish,et al.  Building Theoretical and Empirical Bridges Across Levels: Multilevel Research in Management , 2007 .

[13]  K. Praveen Parboteeah,et al.  Deciding to Bribe: A Cross-Level Analysis of Firm and Home Country Influences on Bribery Activity , 2007 .

[14]  Michael D. Ensley,et al.  The Role of Human Capital in Technological Entrepreneurship , 2007 .

[15]  D. Siegel,et al.  Assessing the Relationship between Human Capital and Firm Performance: Evidence from Technology–Based New Ventures , 2007 .

[16]  Jesper B. Sørensen Bureaucracy and Entrepreneurship: Workplace Effects on Entrepreneurial Entry , 2007 .

[17]  Thomas Hellmann,et al.  When Do Employees Become Entrepreneurs? , 2007, Manag. Sci..

[18]  A. Dreher,et al.  Greasing the Wheels of Entrepreneurship? Impact of Regulations and Corruption on Firm Entry , 2007 .

[19]  Jeffery S. McMullen,et al.  Strategic Entrepreneurs at Work: The Nature, Discovery, and Exploitation of Entrepreneurial Opportunities , 2007 .

[20]  Thomas Hellmann Entrepreneurs and the Process of Obtaining Resources , 2007 .

[21]  Gavin Cassar,et al.  Money, money, money? A longitudinal investigation of entrepreneur career reasons, growth preferences and achieved growth , 2007 .

[22]  Roy Thurik,et al.  Postmaterialism influencing total entrepreneurial activity across nations , 2006 .

[23]  Johan Wiklund,et al.  Entrepreneurship as Growth; Growth as Entrepreneurship , 2006 .

[24]  Howard E. Aldrich,et al.  Access (Not) Denied: The Impact of Financial, Human, and Cultural Capital on Entrepreneurial Entryin the United States , 2006 .

[25]  Gavin Cassar Entrepreneur Opportunity Costs and Intended Venture Growth , 2006 .

[26]  J. Dillard,et al.  Entrepreneurship as the nexus of individual and opportunity: A structuration view , 2006 .

[27]  Mike Wright,et al.  University Spin-Out Companies and Venture Capital , 2006 .

[28]  Z. Ács,et al.  The knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship , 2005 .

[29]  Sophia Rabe-Hesketh,et al.  Multilevel and Longitudinal Modeling Using Stata , 2005 .

[30]  Tiziana Casciaro,et al.  Power Imbalance, Mutual Dependence, and Constraint Absorption: A Closer Look at Resource Dependence Theory , 2005 .

[31]  E. Autio,et al.  Global Entrepreneurship Monitor: Data Collection Design and Implementation 1998–2003 , 2005 .

[32]  Irwin Bernhardt,et al.  The Winner’s Curse of Human Capital , 2005 .

[33]  N. Bosma,et al.  The Value of Human and Social Capital Investments for the Business Performance of Startups , 2004 .

[34]  Planning Benson Honig Entrepreneurship Education: Toward a Model of Contingency-Based Business , 2004 .

[35]  Phillip H. Phan,et al.  Entrepreneurship theory: Possibilities and future directions , 2004 .

[36]  E. Lazear Balanced Skills and Entrepreneurship , 2004 .

[37]  David G. Sirmon,et al.  A Model of Strategic Entrepreneurship: The Construct and its Dimensions , 2003 .

[38]  D. Shepherd,et al.  Aspiring for, and Achieving Growth: The Moderating Role of Resources and Opportunities , 2003 .

[39]  Lowell W. Busenitz,et al.  Entrepreneurship Research in Emergence: Past Trends and Future Directions , 2003 .

[40]  P. Davidsson,et al.  The role of social and human capital among nascent entrepreneurs , 2003 .

[41]  P. Davidsson,et al.  What Do They Think and Feel about Growth? An Expectancy-Value Approach to Small Business Managers‘ Attitudes toward Growth1 , 2003 .

[42]  Roope Uusitalo,et al.  Homo entreprenaurus? , 2001 .

[43]  Scott Shane,et al.  Technology Regimes and New Firm Formation , 2001, Manag. Sci..

[44]  Johan Wiklund,et al.  Levels of Analysis in Entrepreneurship Research: Current Research Practice and Suggestions for the Future * , 2001 .

[45]  S. Shane Prior Knowledge and the Discovery of Entrepreneurial Opportunities , 2000 .

[46]  S. Kozlowski,et al.  From Micro to Meso: Critical Steps in Conceptualizing and Conducting Multilevel Research , 2000 .

[47]  Yuk Fai Cheong,et al.  HLM 6: Hierarchical Linear and Nonlinear Modeling , 2000 .

[48]  A. Arora,et al.  Markets for Technology and Their Implications for Corporate Strategy , 2000 .

[49]  D. Hofmann,et al.  Centering Decisions in Hierarchical Linear Models: Implications for Research in Organizations , 1998 .

[50]  D. Teece Capturing Value from Knowledge Assets: The New Economy, Markets for Know-How, and Intangible Assets , 1998 .

[51]  D. Hofmann An Overview of the Logic and Rationale of Hierarchical Linear Models , 1997 .

[52]  Ekaterini Kyriazidou,et al.  Estimation of a Panel Data Sample Selection Model , 1997 .

[53]  Michael R. Darby,et al.  Labor Mobility from Academe to Commerce , 1997, Journal of Labor Economics.

[54]  D. Holtz-eakin,et al.  Financial Capital, Human Capital, and the Transition to Self‐Employment: Evidence from Intergenerational Links , 1996, Journal of Labor Economics.

[55]  Jeffrey M. Wooldridge,et al.  Selection corrections for panel data models under conditional mean independence assumptions , 1995 .

[56]  K. Klein,et al.  Levels Issues in Theory Development, Data Collection, and Analysis , 1994 .

[57]  W. Baumol Formal entrepreneurship theory in economics: Existence and bounds , 1993 .

[58]  D. Teece Profiting from technological innovation: Implications for integration, collaboration, licensing and public policy , 1993 .

[59]  Thomas J. Kane,et al.  Labor Market Returns to Two- and Four-Year Colleges: Is a Credit a Credit and Do Degrees Matter? , 1993 .

[60]  J. Brüderl,et al.  Survival Chances of Newly Founded Business Organizations , 1992 .

[61]  Kevin M. Murphy,et al.  The Allocation of Talent: Implications for Growth , 1990 .

[62]  Timothy Bates Entrepreneur Human Capital Inputs and Small Business Longevity , 1990 .

[63]  W. Baumol Entrepreneurship: Productive, Unproductive, and Destructive , 1990, Journal of Political Economy.

[64]  Brian Powell,et al.  GREAT EXPECTATIONS: VARIATIONS IN INCOME EXPECTATIONS AMONG COLLEGE SENIORS , 1990 .

[65]  Boyan Jovanovic,et al.  An Estimated Model of Entrepreneurial Choice under Liquidity Constraints , 1989, Journal of Political Economy.

[66]  Per Davidsson,et al.  Entrepreneurship — And after? A study of growth willingness in small firms , 1989 .

[67]  S. Raudenbush Educational Applications of Hierarchical Linear Models: A Review , 1988 .

[68]  Murray B. Low,et al.  Entrepreneurship: Past Research and Future Challenges , 1988 .

[69]  W. Gartner “Who Is an Entrepreneur?” Is the Wrong Question , 1988 .

[70]  Israel M. Kirzner,et al.  Competition and Entrepreneurship , 1974 .

[71]  Raimar Richers The theory of economic development , 1961 .

[72]  Bruce Caldwell,et al.  Entrepreneurial Discovery and the Competitive Market Process: An Austrian Approach , 2007 .

[73]  Jeffery S. McMullen,et al.  Entrepreneurial Action And The Role Of Uncertainty In The Theory Of The Entrepreneur , 2006 .

[74]  S. Shane Special Issue on University Entrepreneurship and Technology Transfer: Selling University Technology: Patterns from MIT , 2002, Manag. Sci..

[75]  Maryann Feldman,et al.  Special Issue on University Entrepreneurship and Technology Transfer: Equity and the Technology Transfer Strategies of American Research Universities , 2002, Manag. Sci..

[76]  M. Hitt,et al.  GUEST EDITORS' INTRODUCTION TO THE SPECIAL ISSUE STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP: ENTREPRENEURIAL STRATEGIES FOR WEALTH CREATION , 2001 .

[77]  G. Rudinger What Makes an Entrepreneur , 2001 .

[78]  D. Hofmann,et al.  The application of hierarchical linear modeling to organizational research. , 2000 .

[79]  S. Kozlowski,et al.  A multilevel approach to theory and research in organizations: Contextual, temporal, and emergent processes. , 2000 .

[80]  P. Bliese Within-group agreement, non-independence, and reliability: Implications for data aggregation and analysis. , 2000 .

[81]  S. Shane,et al.  The Promise of Entrepreneurship as a Field of Research , 2000 .

[82]  R. Bosker,et al.  Multilevel analysis : an introduction to basic and advanced multilevel modeling , 1999 .

[83]  Israel M. Kirzner Entrepreneurial Discovery and the Competitive Market Process: An Austrian Approach , 1997 .

[84]  Gregory G. Dess,et al.  Clarifying the Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking It To Performance , 1996 .

[85]  Howard E. Aldrich,et al.  Fools Rush in? The Institutional Context of Industry Creation , 1994 .

[86]  David E. Gumpert,et al.  The heart of entrepreneurship , 1985 .