The oscillatory waves of the primate electroretinogram.

Abstract A study of light evoked oscillatory intraretinal and optic tract (OT) potentials was carried out in monkeys. Intraretinal depth and electrode marking studies suggest that the oscillatory waves of the ERG are generated in the inner ptexiform layer. The amplitude of the intraretinal ERG oscillatory waves varied linearly with log stimulus intensity and inversely with log intensity of an adapting light. The wavelets of the OT could be dissociated from those of the intraretinal ERG by intracarotid injections of barbiturate and differential effects of adapting lights. Tetrodotoxin blocked ganglion cell discharge without altering the intraretinal ERG wavelets. Deep Metofane anesthesia blocked the retinal wavelets without altering antidromic ganglion cell activity (P-wave). Spontaneous oscillations, prominent in the OT, were never observed in the retina. Evidence is presented to suggest that the OT oscillations result from massed activity of the larger fibers of the OT whose cells of origin are widely dispersed in the retinal periphery. The retinal wavelets were reduced in amplitude by repetitive stimulation of OT and chronic dennervation of the retina. These findings are discussed in terms of the membranes most likely involved in wavelet generation.

[1]  T. Tomita,et al.  Studies on intraretinal action potential with low-resistance microelectrode. , 1952, Journal of neurophysiology.

[2]  A. Kaneko.  Physiological and morphological identification of horizontal, bipolar and amacrine cells in goldfish retina , 1970, The Journal of physiology.

[3]  Y. Honda.  Studies on electrical activities of the mammalian retina and optic nerve in vitro. I. Factors affecting activities of the retina. , 1969, Nippon Ganka Gakkai zasshi.

[4]  T. Ogden.  Intraretinal slow potentials evoked by brain stimulation in the primate. , 1966, Journal of Neurophysiology.

[5]  Avian retina. I. Microelectrode depth and marking studies of local ERG. , 1971, Journal of neurophysiology.

[6]  Y. Masuda,et al.  The oscillatory potential in the electroretinogram. , 1963, The Japanese journal of physiology.

[7]  M. Murakami,et al.  On the R Membrane in the Frog's Eye: Its Localization, and Relation to the Retinal Action Potential , 1960, The Journal of general physiology.

[8]  M. Verzeano,et al.  Periodic activity in the visual system of the cat. , 1967, Vision research.

[9]  J. Kelsey,et al.  Some observations on the relationship between the standing potential of the human eye and the bleaching and regeneration of visual purple , 1962, The Journal of physiology.

[10]  K. Motokawa,et al.  Responses of retinal network to electrical stimulation. , 1959, The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine.

[11]  G. Brindley.  Responses to illumination recorded by microelectrodes from the frog's retina , 1956, The Journal of physiology.

[12]  M. Murakami,et al.  A New Receptor Potential of the Monkey Retina with no Detectable Latency , 1964, Nature.

[13]  K. Brown,et al.  Isolation and Identification of a Receptor Potential from the Pure Cone Fovea of the Monkey Retina , 1962, Nature.

[14]  T. Ogden.  The proximal negative response of the primate retina. , 1973, Vision research.

[15]  P. Algvere.  CLINICAL STUDIES ON THE OSCILLATORY POTENTIALS OF THE HUMAN ELECTRORETINOGRAM WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE SCOTOPIC b‐WAVE , 1968, Acta ophthalmologica.

[16]  A. Genest.  Oscillatory potentials in the electroretinogram of the normal human eye. , 1964, Vision research.

[17]  A. Holden.  Proximal negative response in the pigeon retina , 1972, The Journal of physiology.

[18]  R W DOTY,et al.  Oscillatory potentials in the visual system of cats and monkeys , 1963, The Journal of physiology.

[19]  B. S. Winkler.  Analysis of the rabbit's electroretinogram following unilateral transection of the optic nerve. , 1972, Experimental eye research.

[20]  R. H. Steinberg,et al.  Oscillatory activity in the optic tract of cat and light adaptation. , 1966, Journal of neurophysiology.

[21]  A. Kaneko,et al.  Electrophysiological study of single neurons in the inner nuclear layer of the carp retina. , 1969, Vision research.

[22]  D. A. Burkhardt.  Proximal negative response of frog retina. , 1970, Journal of neurophysiology.

[23]  M. Steriade.  The flash-evoked afterdischarge. , 1968, Brain research.

[24]  D. Crapper,et al.  RETINAL EXCITATION AND INHIBITION FROM DIRECT ELECTRICAL STIMULATION. , 1963, Journal of neurophysiology.

[25]  K. Graubard,et al.  Fluorescent staining of cat motoneurons in vivo with beveled micropipettes. , 1970, Brain Research.

[26]  D. Yonemura,et al.  STUDIES OF THE MINOR COMPONENTS OF THE FROG'S ELECTRORETINOGRAM , 1966 .

[27]  M. Murakami,et al.  Delayed decay of the late receptor potential of monkey cones as a function of stimulus intensity. , 1967, Vision research.

[28]  T. Wiesel,et al.  Analysis of the intraretinal electroretinogram in the intact cat eye , 1961, The Journal of physiology.

[29]  R. Miller,et al.  Studies of the optic nerve of the rhesus monkey: nerve fiber spectrum and physiological properties. , 1966, Vision research.

[30]  T. Ogden,et al.  INTRARETINAL RESPONSES OF THE CYNAMOLGUS MONKEY TO ELECTRICAL STIMULATION OF THE OPTIC NERVE AND RETINA. , 1964, Journal of neurophysiology.

[31]  K. Tasaki,et al.  Localization of electrical activity in the cat retina by an electrode marking method , 1961, The Journal of physiology.

[32]  T. Wiesel,et al.  Localization of origins of electroretinogram components by intraretinal recording in the intact cat eye , 1961, The Journal of physiology.

[33]  P Gouras,et al.  Antidromic responses of orthodromically identified ganglion cells in monkey retina , 1969, The Journal of physiology.