Abstract LONGLIFE (“Treatment of long term irradiation embrittlement effects in RPV safety assessment”) was a collaborative project of the 7th Framework Programme of EURATOM under the umbrella of NULIFE/NUGENIA, aiming at an improved understanding of irradiation effects in reactor pressure vessel steels under conditions representative of long term operation. The LONGLIFE project was completed by the end of January 2014. The paper gives an overview of the main project results and their implications for future research, as discussed at the final project workshop. The microstructural database for neutron-irradiated RPV steels was extended considerably and existing gaps on mechanical property data were closed. Indications of late blooming effects (LBE) were found in some cases, but clear criteria for the occurrence/exclusion in terms of irradiation conditions and chemical composition have still to be developed. The commonly accepted trend, that low flux and low irradiation temperature promotes LBE, is supported. A significant flux effect on the size of defect clusters was observed in two high Cu weld materials, while the changes of mechanical properties are not affected by the neutron flux. The database requires completion in particular for low-Cu RPV steels. The shift of reference temperature T 0 over the thickness location of a VVER-440 welding seam does not follow the prediction Russian code, because of the strong variation of the intrinsic weld bead structure. Therefore, the effect of the initial microstructure and of the heterogeneity on the radiation behaviour has to be addressed in future works. Existing embrittlement trend curves models were applied to the LONGLIFE data base. None of the trend curves could predict the behaviour of the entirety of the LONGLIFE materials sufficiently. A guideline for monitoring radiation embrittlement during life extension periods was developed.
[1]
G. Kostorz,et al.
Small-Angle Scattering and Its Applications to Materials Science
,
1979
.
[2]
G. E. Lucas,et al.
Recent progress in understanding reactor pressure vessel steel embrittlement
,
1998
.
[3]
M. Valo,et al.
Fracture mechanics characterisation of the beltline welding seam of the decommissioned WWER-440 reactor pressure vessel of nuclear power plant Greifswald Unit 4
,
2012
.
[4]
Milan Brumovsky,et al.
Monitoring radiation embrittlement during life extension periods
,
2014
.
[5]
Michael K Miller,et al.
Embrittlement of RPV steels: An atom probe tomography perspective
,
2007
.
[6]
Frank Bergner,et al.
Acceleration of irradiation hardening of low-copper reactor pressure vessel steel observed by means of SANS and tensile testing
,
2009
.
[7]
Frank Bergner,et al.
Flux dependence of cluster formation in neutron-irradiated weld material
,
2008
.
[8]
J. W. Edington,et al.
Practical electron microscopy in materials science
,
1976
.
[9]
Eberhard Altstadt,et al.
RPV Long Term Operation: Open Issues
,
2013,
Strength of Materials.