Application of three-dimensional hybrid stereoscopic particle image velocimetry to breaking waves

A new technique of three-dimensional hybrid stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (3D hybrid SPIV) for measuring a volumetric spatial distribution of three-dimensional velocity is presented in this paper. The accuracy and uncertainty of this technique are examined by numerical tests. The 3D hybrid SPIV has been found to be able to measure major features of velocity field involving a vortex with turbulence in a shear flow. This technique is used for measuring an instantaneous three-dimensional flow structure under breaking waves. The formation of the three-dimensional vortex structures involving roller and longitudinal vortices in breaking waves is investigated in this study.

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