Tissue Engineering Alternatives to Joint Replacement

[1]  R Langer,et al.  Joint resurfacing using allograft chondrocytes and synthetic biodegradable polymer scaffolds. , 1994, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[2]  S. Weisbrode,et al.  Effect of subchondral drilling on repair of partial-thickness cartilage defects of third carpal bones in horses. , 1989, American journal of veterinary research.

[3]  T. Ochi,et al.  Articular cartilage repair. Rabbit experiments with a collagen gel-biomatrix and chondrocytes cultured in it. , 1998, Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica.

[4]  M. Brittberg,et al.  Two- to 9-Year Outcome After Autologous Chondrocyte Transplantation of the Knee , 2000, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[5]  B. Johnstone,et al.  Autologous mesenchymal progenitor cells in articular cartilage repair. , 1999, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[6]  A. Gross,et al.  The allotransplantation of partial joints in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. , 1975, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[7]  G. Vunjak‐Novakovic,et al.  Frontiers in tissue engineering. In vitro modulation of chondrogenesis. , 1999, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[8]  Y Ikada,et al.  Effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on cartilage regeneration in chondrocyte-seeded collage scaffold ns , 2003 .

[9]  M. Pitman,et al.  A comparison of abrasion burr arthroplasty and subchondral drilling in the treatment of full-thickness cartilage lesions in the rabbit. , 1996, Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association.

[10]  G. Vunjak‐Novakovic,et al.  Tissue engineering of cartilage in space. , 1997, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[11]  T. Minas.  The role of cartilage repair techniques, including chondrocyte transplantation, in focal chondral knee damage. , 1999, Instructional course lectures.

[12]  W. Horton,et al.  Response of engineered cartilage tissue to biochemical agents as studied by proton magnetic resonance microscopy. , 2000, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[13]  S. Krane,et al.  Interleukin 1 suppresses expression of cartilage-specific types II and IX collagens and increases types I and III collagens in human chondrocytes. , 1988, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[14]  A. Mauviel,et al.  Transforming growth factor β stimulates collagen and glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis in cultured rabbit articular chondrocytes , 1988 .

[15]  C. Sledge,et al.  Healing of chondral and osteochondral defects in a canine model: the role of cultured chondrocytes in regeneration of articular cartilage. , 1996, Biomaterials.

[16]  L. Hangody,et al.  Treatment of Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Talus: Use of the Mosaicplasty Technique—A Preliminary Report , 1997, Foot & ankle international.

[17]  R. Salter,et al.  The induction of neochondrogenesis in free intra-articular periosteal autografts under the influence of continuous passive motion. An experimental investigation in the rabbit. , 1984, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[18]  P. Robbins,et al.  Using gene therapy to protect and restore cartilage. , 2000, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[19]  L. Sokoloff,et al.  Differences in the collagen types synthesized by lapine articular chondrocytes in spinner and monolayer culture. , 1977, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[20]  F. Barry,et al.  Gelatin-based resorbable sponge as a carrier matrix for human mesenchymal stem cells in cartilage regeneration therapy. , 2000, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[21]  H. Lorenz,et al.  Multilineage cells from human adipose tissue: implications for cell-based therapies. , 2001, Tissue engineering.

[22]  V. Bobić,et al.  Arthroscopic osteochondral autograft transplantation in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A preliminary clinical study , 1995, Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy.

[23]  C. Verfaillie,et al.  Characterization of Multipotent Adult Progenitor Cells, a Subpopulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells , 2001, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[24]  M. Longaker,et al.  Transforming Growth Factor Beta Superfamily Members: Role in Cartilage Modeling , 2000, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.

[25]  E. Kastenbauer,et al.  Effect of growth factors on matrix synthesis by human nasal chondrocytes cultured in monolayer and in agar , 2004, European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology.

[26]  M. Stephenson,et al.  Immune interferon suppresses levels of procollagen mRNA and type II collagen synthesis in cultured human articular and costal chondrocytes. , 1986, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[27]  S W O'Driscoll,et al.  The Repair of Major Osteochondral Defects in Joint Surfaces by Neochondrogenesis with Autogenous Osteoperiosteal Grafts Stimulated by Continuous Passive Motion: An Experimental Investigation in the Rabbit , 1986, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[28]  L. Sandell,et al.  Effects of ascorbic acid on collagen mRNA levels in short term chondrocyte cultures. , 1988, Connective tissue research.

[29]  A I Caplan,et al.  In vitro chondrogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells. , 1998, Experimental cell research.

[30]  S W O'Driscoll,et al.  Role of oxygen tension during cartilage formation by periosteum , 1997, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

[31]  T. Yamamuro,et al.  Arthroscopic multiple osteochondral transplantation to the chondral defect in the knee associated with anterior cruciate ligament disruption. , 1993, Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association.

[32]  V. Hoikka,et al.  Reconstruction of the patellar articulation with periosteal grafts. 4-year follow-up of 13 cases. , 1990, Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica.

[33]  T Ochi,et al.  A comparison of in vivo gene delivery methods for antisense therapy in ligament healing , 1998, Gene Therapy.

[34]  A. Friedenstein,et al.  Bone marrow osteogenic stem cells: in vitro cultivation and transplantation in diffusion chambers , 1987, Cell and tissue kinetics.

[35]  H. Alexander,et al.  Development of a novel osteochondral graft for cartilage repair. , 1998, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[36]  S. Bulstra,et al.  Repair of sheep articular cartilage defects with a rabbit costal perichondrial graft. , 1991, Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica.

[37]  J. Lauritzen,et al.  Glued periosteal grafts in the knee. , 1985, Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica.

[38]  G. Vunjak‐Novakovic,et al.  Cultivation of cell‐polymer cartilage implants in bioreactors , 1993, Journal of cellular biochemistry.

[39]  M. Longaker,et al.  Human cartilage engineering: chondrocyte extraction, proliferation, and characterization for construct development. , 1999, Annals of plastic surgery.

[40]  M. Brittberg,et al.  Autologous chondrocyte transplantation. , 1999, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[41]  E. Thonar,et al.  Phenotypic stability of bovine articular chondrocytes after long-term culture in alginate beads. , 1994, Journal of cell science.

[42]  A. Poole,et al.  Chondrogenesis in periosteal explants. An organ culture model for in vitro study. , 1994, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[43]  J. Payne,et al.  Three-dimensional culture of canine articular chondrocytes on multiple transplantable substrates. , 1997, American journal of veterinary research.

[44]  C. Sledge,et al.  Effect of Cultured Autologous Chondrocytes on Repair of Chondral Defects in a Canine Model* , 1997, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[45]  F. Watt,et al.  Prolonged expression of differentiated phenotype by chondrocytes cultured at low density on a composite substrate of collagen and agarose that restricts cell spreading. , 1988, Differentiation; research in biological diversity.

[46]  R. Coutts,et al.  Chondrogenic phenotype of perichondrium‐derived chondroprogenitor cells is influenced by transforming growth factor‐beta 1 , 1997, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

[47]  M. Spector,et al.  Healing of canine articular cartilage defects treated with microfracture, a type‐II collagen matrix, or cultured autologous chondrocytes , 2000, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

[48]  L G Gilbertson,et al.  Modulation of the biologic activity of the rabbit intervertebral disc by gene therapy: an in vivo study of adenovirus-mediated transfer of the human transforming growth factor beta 1 encoding gene. , 1999, Spine.

[49]  C. Berasi,et al.  Preliminary Results with Abrasion Arthroplasty in the Osteoarthritic Knee , 1984, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[50]  R Langer,et al.  Modulation of the mechanical properties of tissue engineered cartilage. , 2000, Biorheology.

[51]  J. Thomson,et al.  Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts. , 1998, Science.

[52]  R. Tuan,et al.  Formation of cartilage-like spheroids by micromass cultures of murine C3H10T1/2 cells upon treatment with transforming growth factor-beta 1. , 1995, Differentiation; research in biological diversity.

[53]  C. Ohlsson,et al.  Treatment of deep cartilage defects in the knee with autologous chondrocyte transplantation. , 1994, The New England journal of medicine.

[54]  E. Thonar,et al.  Adult human chondrocytes cultured in alginate form a matrix similar to native human articular cartilage. , 1996, The American journal of physiology.

[55]  S. O’Driscoll.  Technical considerations in periosteal grafting for osteochondral injuries. , 2001, Clinics in sports medicine.

[56]  C B Sledge,et al.  Matrix collagen type and pore size influence behaviour of seeded canine chondrocytes. , 1997, Biomaterials.

[57]  C B Sledge,et al.  Canine chondrocytes seeded in type I and type II collagen implants investigated in vitro. , 1997, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[58]  R. Gorczynski,et al.  Effect of interleukin-6 secreted by engineered human stromal cells on osteoclasts in human bone. , 1999, Bone.

[59]  W. Akeson,et al.  Resurfacing of the knee with fresh osteochondral allograft. , 1989, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[60]  M. Spector,et al.  Smooth muscle actin expression by human articular chondrocytes and their contraction of a collagen—glycosaminoglycan matrix in vitro , 2001, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

[61]  R Langer,et al.  Chondrogenesis in a cell-polymer-bioreactor system. , 1998, Experimental cell research.

[62]  D K MacCallum,et al.  Culture and growth characteristics of chondrocytes encapsulated in alginate beads. , 1989, Connective tissue research.

[63]  D. Prockop.  Marrow Stromal Cells as Stem Cells for Nonhematopoietic Tissues , 1997, Science.

[64]  G. Williams,et al.  Validation of a quality assurance program for autologous cultured chondrocyte implantation. , 1998, Tissue engineering.

[65]  N. Kulagina,et al.  Fibroblast precursors in normal and irradiated mouse hematopoietic organs. , 1976, Experimental hematology.

[66]  Ivan Martin,et al.  In vitro differentiation of chick embryo bone marrow stromal cells into cartilaginous and bone‐like tissues , 1998, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

[67]  D Amiel,et al.  Osteochondral Repair Using Perichondrial Cells: A 1-Year Study in Rabbits , 1997, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[68]  Freddie H. Fu,et al.  Prospects for gene therapy in sports medicine , 2005, Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy.

[69]  D. Grande,et al.  Healing of experimentally produced lesions in articular cartilage following chondrocyte transplantation , 1987, The Anatomical record.

[70]  S. Bulstra,et al.  The potential of adult human perichondrium to form hyalin cartilage in vitro , 1990, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

[71]  L. Hangody,et al.  Mosaicplasty for the treatment of articular cartilage defects: application in clinical practice. , 1998, Orthopedics.

[72]  R. Tuan,et al.  Chondrogenic differentiation of murine C3H10T1/2 multipotential mesenchymal cells: I. Stimulation by bone morphogenetic protein-2 in high-density micromass cultures. , 1999, Differentiation; research in biological diversity.

[73]  Albert C. Chen,et al.  Cartilage Repair With Autogenic Perichondrium Cell and Polylactic Acid Grafts , 2000, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[74]  P. Guerne,et al.  Growth factor responsiveness of human articular chondrocytes in aging and development. , 1995, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[75]  E. Morris,et al.  The Effect of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (rhBMP-2) on the Healing of Full-Thickness Defects of Articular Cartilage* , 1997, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[76]  W. B. van den Berg,et al.  Chondrocyte-seeded hydroxyapatite for repair of large articular cartilage defects. A pilot study in the goat. , 1998, Biomaterials.

[77]  J. Delaney,et al.  Neochondrogenesis in free intraarticular periosteal autografts in an immobilized and paralyzed limb. An experimental investigation in the rabbit. , 1989, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[78]  M. Spector,et al.  Status of articular cartilage tissue engineering , 1998 .

[79]  T. Aigner,et al.  Transplantation of allograft chondrocytes embedded in agarose gel into cartilage defects of rabbits. , 1998, Osteoarthritis and cartilage.

[80]  I. Heyligers,et al.  Osteogenic protein (OP-1, BMP-7) stimulates cartilage differentiation of human and goat perichondrium tissue in vitro. , 1998, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[81]  S. Abramson,et al.  Transplantation of adenovirally transduced allogeneic chondrocytes into articular cartilage defects in vivo. , 1997, Osteoarthritis and cartilage.

[82]  Joseph M. Mansour,et al.  Mesenchymal Cell-Based Repair of Large Full Thickness Defects of Articular Cartilage , 1994 .

[83]  J. Rubak.  Reconstruction of articular cartilage defects with free periosteal grafts. An experimental study. , 1982, Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica.

[84]  S. O’Driscoll,et al.  Articular cartilage regeneration using periosteum. , 1999, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[85]  M. Yamakawa,et al.  Immunohistochemical detection of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and transforming growth factor beta-1 in tracheopathia osteochondroplastica , 1997, Virchows Archiv.

[86]  S. O’Driscoll,et al.  Localization of chondrocyte precursors in periosteum. , 2001, Osteoarthritis and cartilage.

[87]  L. L. Johnson.  Arthroscopic abrasion arthroplasty historical and pathologic perspective: present status. , 1986, Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association.

[88]  M. Spector,et al.  Healing of defects in canine articular cartilage: Distribution of nonvascular α‐smooth muscle actin‐containing cells , 2000, Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society.

[89]  P. Walker,et al.  Total knee arthroplasty with the kinematic prosthesis. Results after five to nine years: a follow-up note. , 1990, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[90]  J. Glowacki,et al.  Chondroinduction of human dermal fibroblasts by demineralized bone in three-dimensional culture. , 1996, Experimental cell research.

[91]  A. Davis,et al.  Fresh osteochondral allografts for post-traumatic osteochondral defects of the knee. , 1997, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume.

[92]  P. Robbins,et al.  Genetically augmented tissue engineering of the musculoskeletal system. , 1999, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[93]  S. O’Driscoll,et al.  The Importance of Procedure Specific Training in Harvesting Periosteum for Chondrogenesis , 2000, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[94]  R Langer,et al.  Neocartilage formation in vitro and in vivo using cells cultured on synthetic biodegradable polymers. , 1993, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[95]  J. Steadman,et al.  Treatment of articular cartilage defects in athletes: an analysis of functional outcome and lesion appearance. , 1998, Orthopedics.

[96]  A. Grodzinsky,et al.  Effects of harvest and selected cartilage repair procedures on the physical and biochemical properties of articular cartilage in the canine knee , 2000, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

[97]  B. Obradovic,et al.  Bioreactor cultivation conditions modulate the composition and mechanical properties of tissue‐engineered cartilage , 1999, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

[98]  J. Lee,et al.  Osteoprogenitor cells within skeletal muscle , 2000, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

[99]  J. Drukker,et al.  Repair of articular defects by perichondrial grafts. Experiments in the rabbit. , 1989, Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica.

[100]  D. Zukor,et al.  Fresh osteochondral allografts for post-traumatic defects in the knee. A survivorship analysis. , 1992, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume.

[101]  W. Koo,et al.  Clinical responses to bone marrow transplantation in children with severe osteogenesis imperfecta. , 2001, Blood.

[102]  J. Mansour,et al.  Repair of large full-thickness articular cartilage defects with allograft articular chondrocytes embedded in a collagen gel. , 1998, Tissue engineering.

[103]  W W Minuth,et al.  Artificial Tissues in Perfusion Culture , 1997, The International journal of artificial organs.

[104]  D. Saris,et al.  The chondrogenic potential of periosteum decreases with age , 2001, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

[105]  H Planck,et al.  Cartilage reconstruction in head and neck surgery: comparison of resorbable polymer scaffolds for tissue engineering of human septal cartilage. , 1998, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[106]  R. Loeser,et al.  Autocrine stimulation by insulin-like growth factor 1 and insulin-like growth factor 2 mediates chondrocyte survival in vitro. , 2000, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[107]  E. Bell,et al.  Strategy for the selection of scaffolds for tissue engineering. , 1995, Tissue engineering.

[108]  S. L. Sledge,et al.  Microfracture techniques in the treatment of osteochondral injuries. , 2001, Clinics in sports medicine.

[109]  Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic,et al.  Microgravity tissue engineering , 1997, In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal.

[110]  G. Naughton,et al.  Evaluation of matrix scaffolds for tissue engineering of articular cartilage grafts. , 1997, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[111]  M. Sittinger,et al.  Tissue engineering: generation of differentiated artificial tissues for biomedical applications , 1997, Cell and Tissue Research.

[112]  T. Anastassiades,et al.  Specificity and synergism of polypeptide growth factors in stimulating the synthesis of proteoglycans and a novel high molecular weight anionic glycoprotein by articular chondrocyte cultures. , 1998, The Journal of rheumatology.

[113]  L. Peterson,et al.  The repair of experimentally produced defects in rabbit articular cartilage by autologous chondrocyte transplantation , 1989, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

[114]  R. Salter,et al.  The chondrogenic potential of free autogenous periosteal grafts for biological resurfacing of major full-thickness defects in joint surfaces under the influence of continuous passive motion. An experimental investigation in the rabbit. , 1986, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[115]  L. Bonassar,et al.  Biomechanical analysis of a chondrocyte-based repair model of articular cartilage. , 1999, Tissue engineering.

[116]  J L Franklin,et al.  Sox9 expression during chondrogenesis in micromass cultures of embryonic limb mesenchyme. , 2000, Experimental cell research.

[117]  D. Carnes,et al.  Pretreatment with platelet derived growth factor-BB modulates the ability of costochondral resting zone chondrocytes incorporated into PLA/PGA scaffolds to form new cartilage in vivo. , 2000, Biomaterials.

[118]  A. Gross,et al.  The viability of articular cartilage in fresh osteochondral allografts after clinical transplantation. , 1990, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[119]  Tom Minas,et al.  Current concepts in the treatment of articular cartilage defects. , 1997, Orthopedics.

[120]  A I Caplan,et al.  Characterization of cells with osteogenic potential from human marrow. , 1992, Bone.

[121]  J H Herndon,et al.  The Marshall R. Urist Young Investigator Award. Orthopaedic applications of gene therapy. From concept to clinic. , 2000, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[122]  S W O'Driscoll,et al.  Durability of regenerated articular cartilage produced by free autogenous periosteal grafts in major full-thickness defects in joint surfaces under the influence of continuous passive motion. A follow-up report at one year. , 1988, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[123]  P. Benya,et al.  Dedifferentiated chondrocytes reexpress the differentiated collagen phenotype when cultured in agarose gels , 1982, Cell.

[124]  Darwin J. Prockop,et al.  Transplantability and therapeutic effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells in children with osteogenesis imperfecta , 1999, Nature Medicine.

[125]  E. Hunziker,et al.  Delamination rates of tissue flaps used in articular cartilage repair , 2000, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

[126]  P. Buma,et al.  Effect of transforming growth factor-β on proteoglycan synthesis by chondrocytes in relation to differentiation stage and the presence of pericellular matrix , 1998 .

[127]  C Perka,et al.  Tissue Engineered Cartilage Repair Using Cryopreserved and Noncryopreserved Chondrocytes , 2000, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[128]  M. Spector,et al.  Articular cartilage chondrocytes in type I and type II collagen-GAG matrices exhibit contractile behavior in vitro. , 2000, Tissue engineering.

[129]  E. Livne.  In vitro response of articular cartilage from mature mice to human transforming growth factor beta. , 1994, Acta anatomica.

[130]  G. Vunjak‐Novakovic,et al.  Mammalian chondrocytes expanded in the presence of fibroblast growth factor 2 maintain the ability to differentiate and regenerate three-dimensional cartilaginous tissue. , 1999, Experimental cell research.

[131]  A. Ratcliffe,et al.  Repair of osteochondral defects with allogeneic tissue engineered cartilage implants. , 1999, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[132]  A Carranza-Bencano,et al.  Neochondrogenesis in repair of full-thickness articular cartilage defects using free autogenous periosteal grafts in the rabbit. A follow-up in six months. , 2000, Osteoarthritis and cartilage.

[133]  D. Zaleske,et al.  Bonding of cartilage matrices with cultured chondrocytes: An experimental model , 1998, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

[134]  S. Downes,et al.  An in vitro investigation of the PEMA/THFMA polymer system as a biomaterial for cartilage repair. , 2000, Biomaterials.

[135]  M. Spector,et al.  Histologic analysis of tissue after failed cartilage repair procedures. , 1999, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[136]  H. Moriya,et al.  Involvement of Insulin-Like Growth Factor I in Development of Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament of the Spine , 1998, Calcified Tissue International.

[137]  R. Salter,et al.  Periosteal neochondrogenesis for biologically resurfacing joints: its cellular origin. , 1989, Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie.

[138]  W. Kulyk,et al.  Staurosporine, a protein kinase inhibitor, stimulates cartilage differentiation by embryonic facial mesenchyme. , 1992, Journal of craniofacial genetics and developmental biology.

[139]  J. Lou,et al.  Effect of bone morphogenetic protein-12 gene transfer on mesenchymal progenitor cells. , 1999, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[140]  Freddie H. Fu,et al.  Transfer of lacZ marker gene to the meniscus. , 1999, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[141]  D. Mattey,et al.  Transforming growth factor β1 and interleukin 4 induced α smooth muscle actin expression and myofibroblast-like differentiation in human synovial fibroblasts in vitro: modulation by basic fibroblast growth factor , 1997 .

[142]  P. Robbins,et al.  Ex vivo gene transfer to chondrocytes in full-thickness articular cartilage defects: a feasibility study. , 1997, Osteoarthritis and cartilage.

[143]  M. Sittinger,et al.  Joint cartilage regeneration by tissue engineering , 1999, Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie.

[144]  J. Buckwalter,et al.  Telomere erosion and senescence in human articular cartilage chondrocytes. , 2001, The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences.

[145]  L. Hangody,et al.  Arthroscopic autogenous osteochondral mosaicplasty for the treatment of femoral condylar articular defects A preliminary report , 1997, Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy.

[146]  C. Ohlsson,et al.  Rabbit Articular Cartilage Defects Treated With Autologous Cultured Chondrocytes , 1996, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[147]  S. O’Driscoll,et al.  Histomorphological and proliferative characterization of developing periosteal neochondrocytes in vitro , 2001, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

[148]  A. Grodzinsky,et al.  Effects of compression on the loss of newly synthesized proteoglycans and proteins from cartilage explants. , 1991, Archives of biochemistry and biophysics.

[149]  G. Vunjak‐Novakovic,et al.  Gas exchange is essential for bioreactor cultivation of tissue engineered cartilage. , 1999, Biotechnology and bioengineering.

[150]  G A Ateshian,et al.  Functional tissue engineering of articular cartilage through dynamic loading of chondrocyte-seeded agarose gels. , 2000, Journal of biomechanical engineering.

[151]  M. Yaremchuk,et al.  Cell-based tissue-engineered allogeneic implant for cartilage repair. , 2000, Tissue engineering.

[152]  D Amiel,et al.  The use of polylactic acid matrix and periosteal grafts for the reconstruction of rabbit knee articular defects. , 1991, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[153]  Albert C. Chen,et al.  Effect of static compression on proteoglycan biosynthesis by chondrocytes transplanted to articular cartilage in vitro , 1998, Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

[154]  D. Amiel,et al.  In situ assessment of cell viability within biodegradable polylactic acid polymer matrices. , 1995, Biomaterials.

[155]  N Dunkelman,et al.  Bioreactor Development for Tissue‐Engineered Cartilage , 1999, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[156]  B. Johnstone,et al.  Chondrogenitor cells and gene therapy. , 2000, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[157]  S. Bruder,et al.  Mesenchymal stem cells in bone development, bone repair, and skeletal regenaration therapy , 1994 .

[158]  C. M. Agrawal,et al.  Orthopaedic applications for PLA-PGA biodegradable polymers. , 1998, Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association.

[159]  R. J. Koch,et al.  Basic fibroblast growth factor and insulinlike growth factor I support the growth of human septal chondrocytes in a serum-free environment. , 1998, Archives of otolaryngology--head & neck surgery.