Stability Problems of Columns and Frames

The main objective of this paper is threefold: (1) to present a definitive classification method for single- and multi-column systems; (2) to discuss the five fallacies with examples and their solution; and (3) to expose the narrow limits of applicability of the procedure in the ACI Code 318-89. The author is proposing an accurate and practical classification method for single- and multi-column systems. The proposed method and equations for multi-column systems are particularly suitable for the calculation of the sway-amplification factor, and the k-factors for each column in framed structures with rigid, semi-rigid, and simple connections.