Duality in ABE: Converting Attribute Based Encryption for Dual Predicate and Dual Policy via Computational Encodings

We show a generic conversion that converts an attribute based encryption (ABE) scheme for arbitrary predicate into an ABE scheme for its dual predicate. In particular, it can convert key-policy ABE (KP-ABE) into ciphertext-policy ABE (CP-ABE), and vice versa, for dually related predicates. It is generic in the sense that it can be applied to arbitrary predicates. On the other hand, it works only within the generic ABE framework recently proposed by Attrapadung (Eurocrypt’14), which provides a generic compiler that compiles a simple primitive called pair encodings into fully secure ABE. Inside this framework, Attrapadung proposed the first generic dual conversion that works only for subclass of encodings, namely, perfectly secure encodings. However, there are many predicates for which realizations of such encodings are not known, and hence the problems of constructing fully secure ABE for their dual predicates were left unsolved.

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