High-Resolution Model Building Using Marine Towed-Streamer Data with Seismic Waveform Inversion

In marine seismic data acquisition, spatial sampling has a crucial influence on the horizontal resolution of seismic imaging. We analyze how the Fresnel zone defined for each offset limits the resolution of the final image and introduce a scaling strategy to improve the resolution for full waveform inversion (FWI). The scaling strategy is achieved by employing the Gauss function with the standard deviation the width of the Fresnel zone as a preconditioner for the inversion procedure and has the capability to perform well in the presence of sampling sparsity. Using synthetic data examples, we show that the scaling strategy has the potential to improve the resolution of the inverted model, especially in the shallow part of the model.