Energy management of a battery-flywheel storage system used for regenerative braking recuperation of an Electric Vehicle

This article proposes an energy recuperation management of a Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) during regenerative braking of an Electric Vehicle. The HESS is composed of a Li-Ion battery, and a high speed Flywheel Energy Storage (FES). At low speed, the integration of a controlled dissipative resistor is used to prevent battery overcurrent and overvoltage. At high speed, Voltage Current Limited Maximum Torque (VCLMT) control method is applied to reach the maximal speed allowed. Sizing of the flywheel and the design of the Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) control will also be presented. Simulation results show the dynamic behavior of the flywheel according to the PMSM desired control as well as the energy recovery strategy.

[1]  Ignazio Marongiu,et al.  Performance analysis of PMSM for High-Speed Flywheel Energy Storage Systems in Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles , 2014, 2014 IEEE International Electric Vehicle Conference (IEVC).

[2]  Hans Bernhoff,et al.  Flywheel Energy Storage for Automotive Applications , 2015 .

[3]  Christopher Morris,et al.  Handbook of Energy, Volume I: Diagrams, Charts, and Tables , 2013 .

[4]  Pietro Tricoli,et al.  Recent developments and applications of energy storage devices in electrified railways , 2014 .

[5]  Barna Szabados.  Peak Power i-directional Transfer From High Speed Flywheel to Electrical egulated Bus Voltage Syste osal for Vehicular Technology A Practic , 1998 .

[6]  Andre Lorico,et al.  Effect of inductive power technology systems on battery-electric vehicle design , 2011, IECON 2011 - 37th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.

[7]  Ahmed Chebak,et al.  Development of a DC-link protection system for regenerative braking of Electric Vehicle using a pseudo-cascade controlled IGBT chopper , 2015, 2015 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC).

[8]  Florian Mauser,et al.  Trends in vehicle concept and key technology development for hybrid and battery electric vehicles , 2013, 2013 World Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (EVS27).

[9]  Christopher Morris,et al.  Handbook of energy , 2013 .

[10]  R.H. Jansen,et al.  Design aspects of a high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor / generator for flywheel applications , 2005, IEEE International Conference on Electric Machines and Drives, 2005..

[11]  B. Szabados,et al.  A torque controlled high speed flywheel energy storage system for peak power transfer in electric vehicles , 1994, Proceedings of 1994 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting.

[12]  Zoubir Khatir,et al.  Control strategy for extreme conditions regenerative braking of a hybrid energy storage system for an electric vehicle , 2016, 2016 IEEE 14th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN).

[13]  Hans Bernhoff,et al.  Flywheel energy and power storage systems , 2007 .

[14]  Scott Dearborn.  Charging Li-ion Batteries for Maximum Run Times An understanding of battery-charging fundamentals and system requirements enable designers to choose a suitable linear or switch-mode charging topology and optimize battery performance in the application , 2022 .

[15]  Salvy Bourguet,et al.  Techno-economic Optimization of Flywheel Storage System in transportation , 2014 .

[16]  Bruno Sareni,et al.  Sizing and Energy Management of a Hybrid Locomotive Based on Flywheel and Accumulators , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[17]  Hans Bernhoff,et al.  Design Parameters Calculation of a Novel Driveline for Electric Vehicles , 2009 .

[18]  Zoubir Khatir,et al.  Optimal traction and regenerative braking reference current synthesis for an IPMSM motor using three combined torque control methods for an Electric Vehicle , 2016, 2016 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC).

[19]  Long Zhou,et al.  Modeling and simulation of flywheel energy storage system with IPMSM for voltage sags in distributed power network , 2009, 2009 International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation.

[20]  Haichang Liu,et al.  Flywheel energy storage—An upswing technology for energy sustainability , 2007 .

[21]  Remus Teodorescu,et al.  Lithium ion battery chemistries from renewable energy storage to automotive and back-up power applications — An overview , 2014, 2014 International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM).

[22]  U. Schaible,et al.  Peak power bi-directional transfer from high speed flywheel to electrical regulated bus voltage system: a practical proposal for vehicular technology , 1998 .

[23]  André Desbiens,et al.  Improved constrained cascade control for parallel processes , 1999 .