Development of semi-defined rice straw-based medium for butanol production and its kinetic study

Rice straw is one of the potential economic feedstock for biobutanol production through ABE fermentation. However, the rice straw hydrolysate-based fermentation medium needs to be supported with nutritional elements. In this study, an attempt is made to optimize the rice straw hydrolysate-based fermentation medium employing Clostridium acetobutylicum MTCC 481 using Taguchi design of experiments (DOE) statistical model. Initially, a set of 12 nutrient components viz. MgNO3·6H2O, FeNO3, NH4NO3, yeast extract, PABA, biotin, PABA + biotin mixture, CaCl2, KCl, NaCl, MgSO4 and CH3COONa were screened through classical (one-variable-at-a-time) method. Based on the results, four components (PABA, yeast extract, MgSO4 and CH3COONa) were found to have significant impact, and were further subjected to statistical optimization through Taguchi DOE method. These experiments revealed that RSH supported with 3 g L−1 of yeast extract and 4 mg L−1 PABA to RSH was the most optimum fermentation medium. Experiments using 2 L bioreactor with this optimum fermentation medium showed nearly complete utilization of soluble sugars with the production of 8.7 g L−1 of total solvents and 6 g L−1 of butanol. The experimental data were fitted to kinetic models reported in the literature to determine the kinetic parameters of the fermentation process. An interesting result was revealed from this analysis that the under optimized fermentation medium, the kinetic parameters for both shake flask and bioreactor level were similar. This essentially means that effect of scale of operation is rendered insignificant when fermentation medium is under optimum conditions.

[1]  Vorakan Burapatana,et al.  Cassava pulp enzymatic hydrolysis process as a preliminary step in bio-alcohols production from waste starchy resources , 2013 .

[2]  Vijayanand S. Moholkar,et al.  Biobutanol: science, engineering, and economics , 2012 .

[3]  R. C. Rodrigues,et al.  Dilute-acid hydrolysis for optimization of xylose recovery from rice straw in a semi-pilot reactor , 2003 .

[4]  M. Jiang,et al.  Clostridium beijerinckii mutant with high inhibitor tolerance obtained by low-energy ion implantation , 2012, Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology.

[5]  Nasib Qureshi,et al.  Butanol production by Clostridium beijerinckii. Part I: use of acid and enzyme hydrolyzed corn fiber. , 2008, Bioresource technology.

[6]  S D Varfolomeev,et al.  Production of biofuels from pretreated microalgae biomass by anaerobic fermentation with immobilized Clostridium acetobutylicum cells. , 2012, Bioresource technology.

[7]  L. Rodrigues,et al.  Kinetic study of fermentative biosurfactant production by Lactobacillus strains , 2006 .

[8]  Biobutanol production from fiber-enhanced DDGS pretreated with electrolyzed water , 2013 .

[9]  Denis Dochain,et al.  Kinetics of lactic acid fermentation on glucose and corn by Lactobacillus amylophilus , 2007 .

[10]  Thongchai Srinophakun,et al.  Optimization of lactic acid production by immobilized Lactococcus lactis IO-1 , 2007, Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology.

[11]  G. L. Miller.  Use of Dinitrosalicylic Acid Reagent for Determination of Reducing Sugar , 1959 .

[12]  M. Moo-young,et al.  Metabolic pathways of clostridia for producing butanol. , 2009, Biotechnology advances.

[13]  Jian Chen,et al.  Yeast Extract Promotes Cell Growth and Induces Production of Polyvinyl Alcohol-Degrading Enzymes , 2011, Enzyme research.

[14]  T. Yamane,et al.  Automatic supplementation of minerals in fed‐batch culture to high cell mass concentration , 1985, Biotechnology and bioengineering.

[15]  C. K. Venil,et al.  Taguchi experimental design for medium optimization for enhanced protease production by Bacillus subtilis HB04 , 2015 .

[16]  P. Thonart,et al.  Effect of minerals salts in fermentation process using mango residues as carbon source for bioethanol production , 2011 .

[17]  G. Goma,et al.  Continuous acetone-butanol fermentation: influence of vitamins on the metabolic activity of Clostridium acetobutylicum , 1987, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.

[18]  Hongzhang Chen,et al.  Near-infrared analysis of the chemical composition of rice straw , 2007 .

[19]  Kuan Chong Ting,et al.  Energy requirement for comminution of biomass in relation to particle physical properties , 2011 .

[20]  Y. W. Han.  Microbial fermentation of rice straw: nutritive composition and in vitro digestibility of the fermentation products. , 1975, Applied microbiology.

[21]  Hongzhang Chen,et al.  Improved efficiency of butanol production by absorbed lignocellulose fermentation. , 2013, Journal of bioscience and bioengineering.

[22]  M. Hanna,et al.  Optimum conditions for dilute acid hydrolysis of hemicellulose in dried distillers grains with solubles. , 2010 .

[23]  Hubert Bahl,et al.  Parameters Affecting Solvent Production by Clostridium pasteurianum , 1992, Applied and environmental microbiology.

[24]  Liu Xuejun,et al.  Kinetic model analysis of dilute sulfuric acid-catalyzed hemicellulose hydrolysis in sweet sorghum bagasse for xylose production , 2012 .

[25]  Vijayanand S. Moholkar,et al.  Comparative study of various pretreatment techniques for rice straw saccharification for the production of alcoholic biofuels , 2013 .

[26]  M. Leclerc,et al.  Effect of Yeast Extract on Growth and Metabolism of H2-Utilizing Acetogenic Bacteria from the Human Colon , 1998, Current Microbiology.

[27]  Youngsoon Um,et al.  Optimization of medium compositions favoring butanol and 1,3-propanediol production from glycerol by Clostridium pasteurianum. , 2011, Bioresource Technology.

[28]  Mengmeng Zhao,et al.  Isolation of cellulose with ionic liquid from steam exploded rice straw , 2011 .

[29]  E. Papoutsakis,et al.  Molecular characterization of two Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 butanol dehydrogenase isozyme genes , 1992, Journal of bacteriology.

[30]  Wolfgang Liebl,et al.  Transcriptional analysis of catabolite repression in Clostridium acetobutylicum growing on mixtures of D-glucose and D-xylose. , 2010, Journal of biotechnology.

[31]  A. Karimi Taheri,et al.  An optimization method for radial forging process using ANN and Taguchi method , 2009 .

[32]  J. Kocot,et al.  BIOCHEMISTRY OF MAGNESIUM , 2010 .

[33]  P. Dagninoa,et al.  Optimization of the acid pretreatment of rice hulls to obtain fermentable sugars for bioethanol production , 2012 .

[34]  Z. Cai,et al.  Effect of oxalic acid and steam pretreatment on the primary properties of UF-bonded rice straw particleboards , 2011 .

[35]  R. Wierenga,et al.  Crystallographic and kinetic studies of human mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase: the importance of potassium and chloride ions for its structure and function. , 2007, Biochemistry.

[36]  Liejin Guo,et al.  Effect of operation parameters on anaerobic fermentation using cow dung as a source of microorganisms , 2010 .

[37]  B. Yakhchali,et al.  Enhancement of alkaline protease production by Bacillus clausii using Taguchi experimental design , 2007 .

[38]  W. H. Chen,et al.  Microscopic structure features changes of rice straw treated by boiled acid solution. , 2009 .

[39]  W. Wacker.  THE BIOCHEMISTRY OF MAGNESIUM * , 1969, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[40]  J. Hawari,et al.  Isolation and characterization of herbaceous lignins for applications in biomaterials , 2013 .

[41]  D. Macdonald,et al.  Carbohydrate chemistry. , 1951, Annual review of biochemistry.

[42]  Kannan Pakshirajan,et al.  Kinetics of Growth and Enhanced Sophorolipids Production by Candida bombicola Using a Low-Cost Fermentative Medium , 2010, Applied biochemistry and biotechnology.

[43]  A. Patkar,et al.  Optimization of cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase production from Bacillus firmus , 1998 .

[44]  Munir Cheryan,et al.  Zein: the industrial protein from corn , 2001 .

[45]  Jer-Yiing Houng,et al.  Optimization of the medium composition for the submerged culture of Ganoderma lucidum by Taguchi array design and steepest ascent method , 2006 .

[46]  A. A. Hafez.  Nitriles in heterocyclic synthesis. Part II: Synthesis and application of pyrano[3,2-h]quinoline sulphonamide derivatives , 2007 .

[47]  Walker,et al.  Influence of magnesium ions on heat shock and ethanol stress responses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. , 2000, Enzyme and microbial technology.

[48]  N. Qureshi,et al.  Butanol production from wheat straw by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation using Clostridium beijerinckii: Part II—Fed-batch fermentation , 2008 .

[49]  M Chidambaram,et al.  Determination of significant parameters for improved griseofulvin production in a batch bioreactor by Taguchi's method , 2003 .

[50]  Giuseppe Mazza,et al.  Lignin in straw of herbaceous crops , 2008 .

[51]  Tayebeh Behzad,et al.  Improvement of saccharification and ethanol production from rice straw by NMMO and [BMIM][OAc] pretreatments. , 2013 .

[52]  N. Bishnoi,et al.  Optimization of ethanol production from microwave alkali pretreated rice straw using statistical experimental designs by Saccharomyces cerevisiae , 2012 .