Improvements in optical methods for measuring rapid changes in membrane potential

SummaryIn an effort to increase the utility of optical methods for measuring membrane potential in excitable cells, an additional 369 dyes were tested on giant axons from the squid. Several promising dyes with relatively large absorption and fluorescence signals are described. In addition, a simple modification of the apparatus led to a sixfold increase in the size of dye-related birefringence signals. In preparations with a suitable geometry, these signals are as large as absorption signals but photodynamic damage and bleaching are eliminated when wavelengths longer than the absorption band are used.

[1]  Peter C. Jurs,et al.  ADAPT: A Computer System for Automated Data Analysis Using Pattern Recognition Techniques , 1976, J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci..

[2]  B. Salzberg,et al.  Changes in ANS and TNS fluorescence in giant axons fromLoligo , 2005, The Journal of Membrane Biology.

[3]  L B Cohen,et al.  Optical measurement of membrane potential. , 1978, Reviews of physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology.

[4]  W. N. Ross,et al.  Changes in absorption, fluorescence, dichroism, and birefringence in stained giant axons: Optical measurement of membrane potential , 1977, The Journal of Membrane Biology.

[5]  W. N. Ross,et al.  Simultaneous optical measurements of electrical activity from multiple sites on processes of cultured neurons. , 1981, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[6]  W. N. Ross,et al.  Species-specific effects on the optical signals of voltage-sensitive dyes , 1979, The Journal of Membrane Biology.

[7]  A. Waggoner,et al.  Dye indicators of membrane potential. , 1979, Annual review of biophysics and bioengineering.

[8]  T. Takenaka,et al.  Resting and action potential of intracellularly perfused squid giant axon. , 1962, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[9]  A. Gilai,et al.  Action potentials of isolated single muscle fibers recorded by potential-sensitive dyes , 1980, The Journal of general physiology.

[10]  F. Strumwasser,et al.  Membrane-potential-sensitive dyes for optical monitoring of activity in Aplysia neurons. , 1978, Journal of neurobiology.

[11]  K. Kamino,et al.  Optical monitoring of spontaneous electrical activity of 8-somite embryonic chick heart. , 1979, The Japanese journal of physiology.

[12]  W. Chandler,et al.  Voltage clamp experiments on internally perfused giant axons. , 1965, The Journal of physiology.

[13]  F. Bezanilla,et al.  Negative Conductance Caused by Entry of Sodium and Cesium Ions into the Potassium Channels of Squid Axons , 1972, The Journal of general physiology.

[14]  W. N. Ross,et al.  Optical recording of neuronal activity in an invertebrate central nervous system: simultaneous monitoring of several neurons. , 1977, Journal of neurophysiology.

[15]  A Grinvald,et al.  Mechanisms of rapid optical changes of potential sensitive dyes. , 1977, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[16]  D. Senseman,et al.  Electrical activity in an exocrine gland: optical recording with a potentiometric dye. , 1980, Science.

[17]  S. Scully,et al.  Evidence for a charge-shift electrochromic mechanism in a probe of membrane potential , 1979, Nature.

[18]  R. Keynes,et al.  Changes in axon birefringence during the action potential , 1970, The Journal of physiology.

[19]  A Grinvald,et al.  Simultaneous optical monitoring of activity of many neurons in invertebrate ganglia using a 124-element photodiode array. , 1981, Journal of neurophysiology.

[20]  W. N. Ross,et al.  Changes in axon fluorescence during activity: Molecular probes of membrane potential , 1974, The Journal of Membrane Biology.

[21]  R. Keynes,et al.  Changes in axon light scattering that accompany the action potential: current‐dependent components , 1972, The Journal of physiology.