Multi-layer active queue management and congestion control for scalable video streaming

Video streaming is becoming an increasingly important part of the present Internet. To guarantee a high-quality streaming environment to end users, many video applications require a strict form of network QoS that is not available in the present Internet. Thus, to supplement the best-effort model of existing networks, we study a new video streaming framework that allows applications to mark their own packets with different priority and use multiqueue congestion control inside routers to effectively drop the less-important packets during buffer overflows. We describe priority AQM algorithms that provide "optimal" performance to video applications under arbitrary network loss and study a variation of Kelly's congestion control in combination with our framework. We call the combined architecture PELS - partitioned enhancement layer streaming.

[1]  Michael S. Borella,et al.  Internet packet loss: measurement and implications for end-to-end QoS , 1998, Proceedings of the 1998 ICPP Workshop on Architectural and OS Support for Multimedia Applications Flexible Communication Systems. Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing (Cat. No.98EX206).

[2]  Victor Firoiu,et al.  A study of active queue management for congestion control , 2000, Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2000. Conference on Computer Communications. Nineteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (Cat. No.00CH37064).

[3]  Dilip D. Kandlur,et al.  Adaptive packet marking for maintaining end-to-end throughput in a differentiated-services internet , 1999, TNET.

[4]  David D. Clark,et al.  Explicit allocation of best-effort packet delivery service , 1998, TNET.

[5]  Vern Paxson,et al.  Measurements and analysis of end-to-end Internet dynamics , 1997 .

[6]  JongWon Kim,et al.  MPEG-4 FGS video streaming with constant-quality rate control and differentiated forwarding , 2002, IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging.

[7]  Victor Firoiu,et al.  Best Effort Differentiated Services : Trade-off Service Differentiation for Elastic Applications , 2000 .

[8]  Oliver Rose,et al.  Statistical properties of MPEG video traffic and their impact on traffic modeling in ATM systems , 1995, Proceedings of 20th Conference on Local Computer Networks.

[9]  George Varghese,et al.  Efficient fair queueing using deficit round robin , 1995, SIGCOMM '95.

[10]  R. Shreedhar,et al.  Efficient Fair Queuing Using Deficit Round - , 1997 .

[11]  Ramesh Johari,et al.  End-to-end congestion control for the internet: delays and stability , 2001, TNET.

[12]  Deepak Bansal,et al.  Binomial congestion control algorithms , 2001, Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2001. Conference on Computer Communications. Twentieth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Society (Cat. No.01CH37213).

[13]  Biswajit Nandy,et al.  A Time Sliding Window Three Colour Marker (TSWTCM) , 2000, RFC.

[14]  Scott Shenker,et al.  Uniform versus priority dropping for layered video , 1998, SIGCOMM '98.

[15]  Steven H. Low,et al.  Equilibrium bandwidth and buffer allocations for elastic traffics , 2000, TNET.

[16]  Sally Floyd,et al.  TCP and explicit congestion notification , 1994, CCRV.

[17]  Steven Low,et al.  Random early marking: an optimisation approach to Internet congestion control , 1999, IEEE International Conference on Networks. ICON '99 Proceedings (Cat. No.PR00243).

[18]  Seong-Ryong Kang,et al.  Delayed stability and performance of distributed congestion control , 2004, SIGCOMM 2004.

[19]  R. Srikant,et al.  Analysis and design of an adaptive virtual queue (AVQ) algorithm for active queue management , 2001, SIGCOMM '01.

[20]  Dmitri Loguinov,et al.  Analysis of rate-distortion functions and congestion control in scalable internet video streaming , 2003, NOSSDAV '03.

[21]  Scott Shenker,et al.  Integrated Services in the Internet Architecture : an Overview Status of this Memo , 1994 .

[22]  Mark Handley,et al.  Equation-based congestion control for unicast applications , 2000, SIGCOMM 2000.

[23]  Mark Handley,et al.  Equation-based congestion control for unicast applications , 2000, SIGCOMM.

[24]  Laurent Massoulié,et al.  Stability of distributed congestion control with heterogeneous feedback delays , 2002, IEEE Trans. Autom. Control..

[25]  Markus Fidler.  Transmission of Layered Video Streams in a Differentiated Services Network , 2002 .

[26]  Mihaela van der Schaar,et al.  The MPEG-4 fine-grained scalable video coding method for multimedia streaming over IP , 2001, IEEE Trans. Multim..

[27]  Kang G. Shin,et al.  Equation-based packet marking for Assured Forwarding services , 2002, Proceedings.Twenty-First Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies.

[28]  Hayder Radha,et al.  End-to-end Internet video traffic dynamics: statistical study and analysis , 2002, Proceedings.Twenty-First Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies.

[29]  Ian F. Akyildiz,et al.  RCS: a rate control scheme for real-time traffic in networks with high bandwidth-delay products and high bit error rates , 2001, Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2001. Conference on Computer Communications. Twentieth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Society (Cat. No.01CH37213).

[30]  JongWon Kim,et al.  Dynamic QoS mapping control for streaming video in relative service differentiation networks , 2001, Eur. Trans. Telecommun..

[31]  Larry L. Peterson,et al.  Understanding TCP Vegas: a duality model , 2001, JACM.

[32]  Fernando Paganini,et al.  Dynamics of TCP/RED and a scalable control , 2002, Proceedings.Twenty-First Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies.

[33]  Zheng Wang,et al.  An Architecture for Differentiated Services , 1998, RFC.

[34]  QUTdN QeO,et al.  Random early detection gateways for congestion avoidance , 1993, TNET.

[35]  Scott Shenker,et al.  Analysis and simulation of a fair queueing algorithm , 1989, SIGCOMM 1989.

[36]  Steven H. Low,et al.  Optimization flow control—I: basic algorithm and convergence , 1999, TNET.

[37]  Dmitri Loguinov,et al.  Delayed stability and performance of distributed congestion control , 2004, SIGCOMM '04.

[38]  Frank Kelly,et al.  Rate control for communication networks: shadow prices, proportional fairness and stability , 1998, J. Oper. Res. Soc..

[39]  David L. Black,et al.  An Architecture for Differentiated Service , 1998 .

[40]  Aleksandar Kuzmanovic,et al.  TCP-LP: a distributed algorithm for low priority data transfer , 2003, IEEE INFOCOM 2003. Twenty-second Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37428).

[41]  Donald F. Towsley,et al.  Measurement and modelling of the temporal dependence in packet loss , 1999, IEEE INFOCOM '99. Conference on Computer Communications. Proceedings. Eighteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. The Future is Now (Cat. No.99CH36320).

[42]  Nail Akar,et al.  Impact of scalability in video transmission in promotion-capable differentiated services networks , 2002, Proceedings. International Conference on Image Processing.

[43]  Ronald W. Wolff,et al.  Stochastic Modeling and the Theory of Queues , 1989 .

[44]  Patrick Thiran,et al.  ABE: providing a low-delay service within best effort , 2001 .

[45]  Roch Guérin,et al.  A Two Rate Three Color Marker , 1999, RFC.

[46]  JongWon Kim,et al.  Quality-of-service mapping mechanism for packet video in differentiated services network , 2001, IEEE Trans. Multim..

[47]  Mark Handley,et al.  Congestion control for high bandwidth-delay product networks , 2002, SIGCOMM '02.