Simulation-based robust optimization of limited-stop bus service with vehicle overtaking and dynamics: A response surface methodology

We propose a robust optimization model for limited-stop bus service with vehicle overtaking and demand dynamics. Time-dependent stochastic travel time is also considered. The objective is to minimize the total cost (user cost and operation cost) at the planning phase given a target reliability imperative. We further propose a simulation-based optimization framework incorporating response surface methodology to solve the problem efficiently. A real-world application result shows that vehicle overtaking and demand dynamics have significant impacts on the performance of limited-stop service and that the stop patterns are quite distinct when overtaking and demand dynamics are considered.

[1]  Wei Zhang,et al.  Simulation-based robust optimization for the schedule of single-direction bus transit route: The design of experiment , 2017 .

[2]  Zhiyuan Liu,et al.  Design of limited-stop bus service with capacity constraint and stochastic travel time , 2015 .

[3]  Mark D. Hickman,et al.  The Real–Time Stop–Skipping Problem , 2005, J. Intell. Transp. Syst..

[4]  Peter G. Furth,et al.  Zonal Route Design for Transit Corridors , 1986, Transp. Sci..

[5]  Wai Yuen Szeto,et al.  Optimal bus service design with limited stop services in a travel corridor , 2018 .

[6]  Ricardo Giesen,et al.  Design of limited-stop services for an urban bus corridor with capacity constraints , 2010 .

[7]  Bin Ran,et al.  A stochastic simulation-based optimization method for equitable and efficient network-wide signal timing under uncertainties , 2019, Transportation Research Part B: Methodological.

[8]  Ricardo Giesen,et al.  Generation and design heuristics for zonal express services , 2015 .

[9]  Xuewu Chen,et al.  Continuum approximation modeling of transit network design considering local route service and short-turn strategy , 2018, Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review.

[10]  Kay W. Axhausen,et al.  Models of bus boarding and alighting dynamics , 2014 .

[11]  Ziyou Gao,et al.  Robust dynamic bus controls considering delay disturbances and passenger demand uncertainty , 2019, Transportation Research Part B: Methodological.

[12]  Juan Carlos Muñoz,et al.  When and where are limited-stop bus services justified? , 2016 .

[13]  Ronghui Liu,et al.  Stochastic bus schedule coordination considering demand assignment and rerouting of passengers , 2019, Transportation Research Part B: Methodological.

[14]  Harilaos N. Koutsopoulos,et al.  Automated Inference of Linked Transit Journeys in London Using Fare-Transaction and Vehicle Location Data , 2013 .

[15]  Ping Hu,et al.  Transit network design based on travel time reliability , 2014 .

[16]  Avishai Ceder,et al.  Optimal combinations of selected tactics for public-transport transfer synchronization , 2014 .

[17]  Özgür Yalçinkaya,et al.  Modelling and optimization of average travel time for a metro line by simulation and response surface methodology , 2009, Eur. J. Oper. Res..

[18]  Oded Cats,et al.  An online learning approach to eliminate Bus Bunching in real-time , 2016, Appl. Soft Comput..

[19]  Chenfeng Xiong,et al.  Time-of-day vehicle mileage fees for congestion mitigation and revenue generation: A simulation-based optimization method and its real-world application , 2016 .

[20]  Aldo Cipriano,et al.  Bus-Stop Control Strategies Based on Fuzzy Rules for the Operation of a Public Transport System , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems.

[21]  Ricardo Giesen,et al.  Continuous Approximation for Skip-Stop Operation in Rail Transit , 2013 .

[22]  Nigel H. M. Wilson,et al.  THE REAL-TIME DEADHEADING PROBLEM IN TRANSIT OPERATIONS CONTROL , 1998 .

[23]  Avishai Ceder,et al.  Optimal coordination of public transit vehicles using operational tactics examined by simulation , 2008 .

[24]  Lei Zhang,et al.  Optimal travel information provision strategies: an agent-based approach under uncertainty , 2018 .

[25]  Shan Li,et al.  Real-time partway deadheading strategy based on transit service reliability assessment , 2012 .

[26]  H. Stern,et al.  DEFICIT FUNCTION BUS SCHEDULING WITH DEADHEADING TRIP INSERTIONS FOR FLEET SIZE REDUCTION , 1981 .

[27]  Lei Zhang,et al.  Surrogate‐Based Optimization of Expensive‐to‐Evaluate Objective for Optimal Highway Toll Charges in Transportation Network , 2014, Comput. Aided Civ. Infrastructure Eng..

[28]  Ronghui Liu,et al.  A model of bus bunching under reliability-based passenger arrival patterns. , 2015 .

[29]  Zhiyuan Liu,et al.  Bus stop-skipping scheme with random travel time , 2013 .

[30]  Bin Yu,et al.  Transit route network design-maximizing direct and transfer demand density , 2012 .

[31]  Peter G Furth.  SHORT TURNING ON TRANSIT ROUTES , 1987 .

[32]  Peter G. Furth.  Alternating Deadheading in Bus Route Operations , 1985, Transp. Sci..

[33]  Juan Carlos Muñoz,et al.  A new solution framework for the limited-stop bus service design problem , 2017 .

[34]  Bin Yu,et al.  Bus arrival time prediction at bus stop with multiple routes , 2011 .

[35]  Liping Fu,et al.  Optimization of headways with stop‐skipping control: a case study of bus rapid transit system , 2015 .

[36]  Weitiao Wu,et al.  Designing robust schedule coordination scheme for transit networks with safety control margins , 2016 .

[37]  Ronghui Liu,et al.  Assessing Bus Transport Reliability Using Micro-Simulation , 2008 .

[38]  Ronghui Liu,et al.  Modelling bus bunching and holding control with vehicle overtaking and distributed passenger boarding behaviour , 2017 .