Intelligent Behavior in Humans and Machines

In this paper, I review the role of cognitive psychology in the origins of artificial intelligence and in the continuing pursuit of its initial objectives. I consider some key ideas about representation, performance, and learning that had their inception in computational models of human behavior, and I argue that this approach to developing intelligent artifacts, although no longer common, has an important place in cognitive systems. Not only will research in this paradigm help us understand the nature of human cognition, but findings from psychology can serve as useful heuristics to guide our search for accounts of intelligence. I present some constraints of this sort that future research should incorporate, and I claim that another psychological notion ‐ cognitive architecture ‐ is especially relevant to developing unified theories of the mind. Finally, I suggest ways to encourage renewed interaction between AI and cognitive psychology to the advantage of both disciplines.

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