MUSES: MUlti-sensor Soil Electromagnetic Sounding

Abstract The authors describe the performance of a multi-sensor package designed to measure the electromagnetic properties of the subsurface during future landing missions to Mars. The package consists of a soil dielectric spectroscopy probe (SDSP), a ground penetrating radar (GPR) and a time domain electromagnetic measurement (TDEM) system that, using different methods, estimate the electromagnetic properties of the shallow subsurface at different depths (0– 100 m ). A data fusion approach is considered to improve the reliability and accuracy of the measurements.

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