Intracranial Hypotension Causing Reversible Frontotemporal Dementia and Coma

dementia [FTD]) 19 , obtundation and coma 11,20-23 . Only one case of death related to SIH has been published to date 24 . We describe the first case of frontotemporal dementia syndrome and coma caused by SIH that was successfully reversed with intrathecal saline infusion and an epidural blood patch targeted at a culprit C2 dural tear with consequent CSF leak. An Medline search from 1966 to present was conducted, and a review of the literature with emphasis on related cases is provided.

[1]  P. Peng,et al.  Spontaneous C1-2 CSF Leak Treated with High Cervical Epidural Blood Patch , 2008, Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques.

[2]  D. Wood,et al.  Life-threatening spontaneous intracranial hypotension responding to epidural blood patch. , 2006, British journal of anaesthesia.

[3]  W. Schievink,et al.  Spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid leaks and intracranial hypotension. , 2006, JAMA.

[4]  S. Gentile,et al.  Headache attributed to spontaneous low CSF pressure: report of three cases responsive to corticosteroids , 2004, European journal of neurology.

[5]  P. Peng.  Intracranial Hypotension with Severe Neurological Symptoms Resolved by Epidural Blood Patch , 2004, Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques.

[6]  D. Gross,et al.  Reversible Coma: A Rare Presentation of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension , 2004, Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques.

[7]  O. Witte,et al.  Organic bipolar disorder occurring together with spontaneous intracranial hypotension , 2004, Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging.

[8]  N. Canas,et al.  CSF volume loss in spontaneous intracranial hypotension , 2004, Neurology.

[9]  M. Cousins,et al.  Intracranial hypotension caused by cervical cerebrospinal fluid leak: treatment with epidural blood patch. , 2004, Anesthesia and analgesia.

[10]  W. Fong,et al.  Spontaneous cervical spine cerebrospinal fluid leak with resultant intracranial hypotension. , 2003, Clinical nuclear medicine.

[11]  A. Mogilner,et al.  Intracranial hypotension syndrome: a comprehensive review. , 2003, Neurosurgical focus.

[12]  Y. Itoyama,et al.  CSF hypovolemia vs intracranial hypotension in “spontaneous intracranial hypotension syndrome” , 2003, Neurology.

[13]  Meic H. Schmidt,et al.  Intrathecal Saline Infusion in the Treatment of Obtundation Associated with Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: Technical Case Report , 2002, Neurosurgery.

[14]  T. Benstead,et al.  Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension in the Absence of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Abnormalities , 2002, Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques.

[15]  B. Mokri,et al.  Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension Resulting in Coma , 2002, Headache.

[16]  H. Diener,et al.  Spontaneous intracranial hypotension causing reversible frontotemporal dementia. Authors' reply , 2002 .

[17]  Raymond Scott Turner,et al.  Spontaneous intracranial hypotension causing reversible frontotemporal dementia. , 2002, Neurology.

[18]  D. Sencakova,et al.  The efficacy of epidural blood patch in spontaneous CSF leaks , 2001, Neurology.

[19]  D. Levine,et al.  The pathophysiology of lumbar puncture headache , 2001, Journal of the Neurological Sciences.

[20]  J. Diaz.  Epidemiology and Outcome of Postural Headache Management in Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension , 2001, Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine.

[21]  B. Mokri,et al.  Syndrome of cerebral spinal fluid hypovolemia: Clinical and imaging features and outcome , 2001, Neurology.

[22]  W. Schievink.  Spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid leaks: a review. , 2000, Neurosurgical focus.

[23]  B. Mokri.  Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks: from intracranial hypotension to cerebrospinal fluid hypovolemia--evolution of a concept. , 1999, Mayo Clinic proceedings.

[24]  A. Lang,et al.  Intracranial hypotension with parkinsonism, ataxia, and bulbar weakness. , 1999, Archives of neurology.

[25]  J. Adler,et al.  Intracranial hypotension presenting with severe encephalopathy. Case report. , 1998, Journal of neurosurgery.

[26]  W. Schievink,et al.  Cervical bone spur presenting with spontaneous intracranial hypotension. Case report. , 1998, Journal of neurosurgery.

[27]  B. Mokri,et al.  Orthostatic headaches caused by CSF leak but with normal CSF pressures , 1998, Neurology.

[28]  N. Barbaro,et al.  Spontaneous intracranial hypotension resulting in stupor caused by diencephalic compression , 1998, Neurology.

[29]  B. Mokri,et al.  Syndrome of orthostatic headaches and diffuse pachymeningeal gadolinium enhancement. , 1997, Mayo Clinic proceedings.

[30]  Han,et al.  A case report of unexpected clinical course of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension. , 1995 .

[31]  J. Horton,et al.  Neurovisual findings in the syndrome of spontaneous intracranial hypotension from dural cerebrospinal fluid leak. , 1994, Ophthalmology.

[32]  W. Dillon,et al.  Dural enhancement and cerebral displacement secondary to intracranial hypotension , 1993, Neurology.