Water Surface Profiles along a Rectangular Side Weir in a U-Shaped Channel (Analytical Findings)

AbstractSide weirs are flow-diversion devices that are widely used in irrigation and drainage systems and combined sewer systems. Side weirs are also used as an emergency structure. They are important parts of distribution channels of irrigation systems. Computation of a water surface profile over side weirs is essential to determine the flow rate of the side weir. No closed-form solution is available for a rectangular side weir located in a U-shaped main channel. The U-shaped channel possesses an important application in sewer systems. This structure is used as a transitional cross section in manholes and in changes from circular to rectangular cross sections. This research presents an elegant closed-form solution for establishing the water surface profile along a side weir located in a U-shaped channel. The solution should be a useful computational tool for evaluation and in the design of rectangular side weirs in sewer systems and U-shaped channels.

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