Power oscillation damping controller for wind power plant utilizing wind turbine inertia as energy storage

For a wind power plant (WPP) the upper limit for active power output is bounded by the instantaneous wind conditions and therefore a WPP must curtail its power output when system services with active power are delivered. Here, a power oscillation damping controller (POD) for WPPs is presented that utilizes the stored kinetic energy in the wind turbine (WT) mechanical system as energy storage from which damping power can be exchanged. This eliminates the need for curtailed active power production. Results are presented using modal analysis and induced torque coefficients (ITC) to depict the torques induced on the synchronous generators from the POD. These are supplemented with nonlinear time domain simulations with and without an auxiliary POD for the WPP. The work is based on a nonlinear, dynamic model of the 3.6 MW Siemens Wind Power wind turbine.

[1]  M. J. Gibbard,et al.  Co-ordinated design of multimachine power system stabilisers based on damping torque concepts , 1988 .

[2]  Boon-Teck Ooi,et al.  Power system damping from real and reactive power modulations of voltage-source-converter station , 2008 .

[3]  Lingling Fan,et al.  Control of DFIG-Based Wind Generation to Improve Interarea Oscillation Damping , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[4]  Udaya Annakkage,et al.  Optimized partial eigenstructure assignment-based design of a combined PSS and active damping controller for a DFIG , 2010, IEEE PES General Meeting.

[5]  Lingling Fan,et al.  Control of DFIG based wind generation to improve inter-area oscillation damping , 2008, 2008 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting - Conversion and Delivery of Electrical Energy in the 21st Century.

[6]  G. J. Rogers,et al.  A fundamental study of inter-area oscillations in power systems , 1991 .

[7]  O. Anaya-Lara,et al.  A power system stabilizer for DFIG-based wind generation , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[8]  Kim Høj Jensen,et al.  Modelling and Fault-Ride-Trough Tests of Siemens Wind Power 3.6 MW Variable-Speed Wind Turbines , 2007 .

[9]  Clark W. Gellings,et al.  Electric Infstructure to Power a Digital Society , 2002, IEEE Power Engineering Review.

[10]  Nadarajah Mithulananthan,et al.  Comparison of PSS, SVC, and STATCOM controllers for damping power system oscillations , 2003 .

[11]  Olimpo Anaya-Lara,et al.  Influence of Windfarms on Power System Dynamic and Transient Stability , 2006 .

[12]  Niraj Kshatriya,et al.  Optimized Partial Eigenstructure Assignment-Based Design of a Combined PSS and Active Damping Controller for a DFIG , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[13]  Vladislav Akhmatov,et al.  Variable-Speed Wind Turbines with Doubly-Fed Induction Generators , 2002 .

[14]  Vladislav Akhmatov.  Variable-speed Wind Turbines with Doubly-fed Induction Generators Part II: Power System Stability , 2002 .

[15]  P. Ledesma,et al.  Contribution of variable-speed wind farms to damping of power system oscillations , 2007, 2007 IEEE Lausanne Power Tech.

[16]  Pouyan Pourbeik,et al.  Damping and synchronizing torques induced on generators by FACTS stabilizers in multimachine power systems , 1996 .

[17]  Jacob Østergaard,et al.  On Small-Signal Stability of Wind Power System with Full-Load Converter Interfaced Wind Turbines , 2010 .

[18]  M. J. Gibbard,et al.  Reconciliation of methods of compensation for PSSs in multimachine systems , 2004 .

[19]  L. Xu,et al.  Advanced SVC control for damping power system oscillations , 1991 .

[20]  H. Banakar,et al.  Kinetic Energy of Wind-Turbine Generators for System Frequency Support , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[21]  Costas Vournas,et al.  Effect of wind parks with doubly fed asynchronous generators on small-signal stability , 2009 .

[22]  Guoping Liu,et al.  Analysis of inter-area oscillations in the South China Interconnected Power System , 2004 .

[23]  Janusz Bialek,et al.  Banishing blackouts [power system oscillations stability] , 2006 .

[24]  J. G. Slootweg,et al.  The impact of large scale wind power generation on power system oscillations , 2003 .

[25]  T. Smed,et al.  Utilizing HVDC to damp power oscillations , 1993 .

[26]  G. Joos,et al.  Power system stabilizers in variable speed wind farms , 2009, 2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting.

[27]  N. Jenkins,et al.  Comparison of the response of doubly fed and fixed-speed induction generator wind turbines to changes in network frequency , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[28]  P. Kundur,et al.  Power system stability and control , 1994 .

[29]  Pouyan Pourbeik,et al.  Interactions between, and effectiveness of power system stabilizers and FACTS device stabilizers in multimachine systems , 2000 .

[30]  Björn Andresen,et al.  Grid support capabilities of full-load converter interfaced wind turbines , 2010 .

[31]  Kjetil Uhlen,et al.  Large‐scale wind power integration in Norway and impact on damping in the Nordic grid , 2005 .

[32]  J.A.P. Lopes,et al.  Participation of Doubly Fed Induction Wind Generators in System Frequency Regulation , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[33]  M.J. Gibbard,et al.  Reconciliation of methods of compensation for PSSs in multimachine systems , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[34]  Katherine Elkington,et al.  Modelling and Control of Doubly Fed Induction Generators in Power Systems : Towards understanding the impact of large wind parks on power system stability , 2009 .

[35]  Jan Pierik,et al.  Inertial response of variable speed wind turbines , 2006 .

[36]  J.M. Mauricio,et al.  Frequency Regulation Contribution Through Variable-Speed Wind Energy Conversion Systems , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[37]  E. Z. Zhou,et al.  Application of static VAr compensators to increase power system damping , 1993 .