Coding of wideband speech

Abstract The technologies of ISDN teleconferencing, CD-ROM multimedia services, and High Definition Television are creating new opportunities and challenges for the digital coding of wideband audio signals, wideband speech in particular. In the coding of wideband speech, an important point of reference is the CCITT standard for 7 kHz speech at a rate of 64 kbit/s. Results of recent research are pointing to better capabilities — higher signal bandwidth at 64 kbit/s, and 7 kHz bandwidth at lower bit-rates such as 32 and 16 kbit/s. The coding of audio with a signal bandwidth of 20 kHz is receiving significant attention due to recent activity in the ISO (International Standards Organization), with a goal of storing a CD-grade monophonic audio channel at a bit-rate not exceeding 128 kbit/s. Prospects for accomplishing this are very good. As a side result, emerging algorithms will offer very attractive options at lower rates such as 96 and 64 kbit/s. As we address new challenges in wideband speech technology, several strides in coding research are likely to occur. Among these are refinements of existing models for auditory noise-masking, and a unification of linear prediction and frequency-domain coding.

[1]  B. Atal,et al.  Optimizing digital speech coders by exploiting masking properties of the human ear , 1978 .

[2]  Günther Theile,et al.  Low-Bit Rate Coding of High Quality Audio Signals , 1987 .

[3]  P. Mermelstein.  G.722: a new CCITT coding standard for digital transmission of wideband audio signals , 1988, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[4]  Masato Miyoshi,et al.  Inverse filtering of room acoustics , 1988, IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process..

[5]  James D. Johnston,et al.  Transform coding of audio signals using perceptual noise criteria , 1988, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[6]  Schuyler Quackenbush.  A 7 kHz bandwidth, 32 kbps speech coder for ISDN , 1991, [Proceedings] ICASSP 91: 1991 International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.

[7]  John Princen,et al.  Subband/Transform coding using filter bank designs based on time domain aliasing cancellation , 1987, ICASSP '87. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.

[8]  Karlheinz Brandenburg.  OCF--A new coding algorithm for high quality sound signals , 1987, ICASSP '87. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.

[9]  H. G. Musmann.  The ISO audio coding standard , 1990, [Proceedings] GLOBECOM '90: IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference and Exhibition.

[10]  Xavier Maitre,et al.  7 kHz audio coding within 64 kbit/s , 1988, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[11]  James L. Flanagan,et al.  Autodirective Microphone Systems , 1991 .

[12]  Yair Shoham,et al.  Low-delay code-excited linear-predictive coding of wideband speech at 32 kbps , 1991, [Proceedings] ICASSP 91: 1991 International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.

[13]  Michael A. Krasner.  Digital encoding of speech and audio signals based on the perceptual requirements of the auditory system , 1979 .

[14]  R. Hellman.  Asymmetry of masking between noise and tone , 1972 .

[15]  Peter No,et al.  Digital Coding of Waveforms , 1986 .