Universal Current-Mode Biquad with Minimum Components

A current controllable current-mode universal filter with four inputs and one output employing multi-output current-controlled current conveyors (MOCCCIIs) is described. The proposed circuit offers the following attractive features: employment the minimum number of active and passive components, i.e., two MOCCCIIs and two grounded capacitors; simultaneous realization of all the standard filtering functions; independent current-control of the natural angular frequency (ωo) and bandwidth (BW); no requirement of component matching conditions; employment of only two grounded passive capacitors which is suitable for integrated circuit (IC) implementation; and low passive and active sensitivities. o) and bandwidth (BW) can be orthogonally and electronically tuned through adjusting the bias current of the MOCCCII. No critical matching conditions are required, and all the incremental parameter sensitivities are low. The performances of the proposed circuit are simulated with PSPICE to confirm the theoretical analysis.

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