Comparison of Single and Double Fusions in Transverse Tarsal Joint

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and radiological results of single and double fusions in the transverse tarsal joint. Materials and Methods: Between December 2000 and April 2009, 16 patients (16 feet) who had been treated by fusion of transverse tarsal joint were included in this study. In 8 patients, only talonavicular joint was fused and in the other 8 patients, both talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints were fused simultaneously. We have measured talo-first metatarsal angle, calcaneal pitch angle, talonavicular coverage angle and presence of adjacent joint arthritis for radiological assessment at both preoperative and last visit. Furthermore, we have evaluated Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score and patient’s satisfaction. Results: In a single fusion group, VAS was improved from 6.4±1.4 to 0.8±1.0 (p=0.0011) and AOFAS score was improved from 63.8±6.2 to 89.4±9.8 (p=0.0012). In a double fusion group, VAS was improved from 8.0±0.75 to 2.0±1.8 (p=0.0011) and AOFAS score was improved from 60.5±11.2 to 89.5±6.0 (p=0.0012). In the difference of talo-first metatarsal angle between two groups, a single fused group was more improved than a double fused group (p=0.04). Conclusion: Both single and double fusions are useful and attractive treatment for the transverse tarsal joint arthritis. Furthermore, a single fusion has advantages of less invasiveness and preserving some degree of hindfoot motion and could be an effective alternative to a double fusion if patient meets appropriate criteria through careful preoperative evaluation.