Breathable Materials for Triboelectric Effect-Based Wearable Electronics

Wearable electronics are believed to be the future of the next-generation electric devices. However, the comfort of current wearable devices is greatly limited due to the use of airtight materials, which may even lead to inflammation of the skin. Therefore, breathable, skin-friendly materials, are highly desired for wearable devices. Here, the recent progress of the breathable materials used to fabricate skin-friendly electronics is reviewed by taking triboelectric effect-based wearable electronics as a typical example. Fibers, yarns, textiles, and nanofiber membranes are the most popular dielectric materials that serve as frictional materials. Metal mesh, silver yarn, and conductive networks made up of nanomaterial are preferred as air-permissive electrodes. The breathable materials for skin-friendly wearable electronics summarized in this review provide valuable references for future fabrication of humanized wearable devices and hold great significance for the practical application of wearable devices.

[1]  Fan Yang,et al.  In Vivo Self-Powered Wireless Cardiac Monitoring via Implantable Triboelectric Nanogenerator. , 2016, ACS nano.

[2]  Guang Zhu,et al.  Self-powered, ultrasensitive, flexible tactile sensors based on contact electrification. , 2014, Nano letters.

[3]  Michael C. McAlpine,et al.  3D Printed Stretchable Tactile Sensors , 2017, Advanced materials.

[4]  Zhong Lin Wang,et al.  A universal self-charging system driven by random biomechanical energy for sustainable operation of mobile electronics , 2015, Nature Communications.

[5]  Long Lin,et al.  Nanoscale triboelectric-effect-enabled energy conversion for sustainably powering portable electronics. , 2012, Nano letters.

[6]  Ran Cao,et al.  All-Nanofiber-Based Ultralight Stretchable Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Self-Powered Wearable Electronics , 2018 .

[7]  Chuan Wang,et al.  Nanogenerator-based dual-functional and self-powered thin patch loudspeaker or microphone for flexible electronics , 2017, Nature Communications.

[8]  Ran Cao,et al.  Rotating-Sleeve Triboelectric-Electromagnetic Hybrid Nanogenerator for High Efficiency of Harvesting Mechanical Energy. , 2017, ACS nano.

[9]  Zhiming Lin,et al.  Large‐Scale and Washable Smart Textiles Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerator Arrays for Self‐Powered Sleeping Monitoring , 2018 .

[10]  Mengdi Han,et al.  High performance triboelectric nanogenerators based on large-scale mass-fabrication technologies , 2015 .

[11]  R. Sordan,et al.  Fully inkjet-printed two-dimensional material field-effect heterojunctions for wearable and textile electronics , 2017, Nature Communications.

[12]  Zhong Lin Wang,et al.  Self-powered textile for wearable electronics by hybridizing fiber-shaped nanogenerators, solar cells, and supercapacitors , 2016, Science Advances.

[13]  J. Rogers,et al.  Stretchable Electronics: Materials Strategies and Devices , 2008 .

[14]  Zhong Lin Wang,et al.  Nanopillar Arrayed Triboelectric Nanogenerator as a Self-Powered Sensitive Sensor for a Sleep Monitoring System. , 2016, ACS nano.

[15]  Cheng Xu,et al.  3D Orthogonal Woven Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Effective Biomechanical Energy Harvesting and as Self‐Powered Active Motion Sensors , 2017, Advanced materials.

[16]  Yang Zou,et al.  Self‐Powered Pulse Sensor for Antidiastole of Cardiovascular Disease , 2017, Advanced materials.

[17]  Ran Cao,et al.  Ultra-robust triboelectric nanogenerator for harvesting rotary mechanical energy , 2018, Nano Research.

[18]  Tao Jiang,et al.  Antibacterial Composite Film-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Harvesting Walking Energy. , 2017, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[19]  Zhong Lin Wang,et al.  Transparent and Flexible Triboelectric Sensing Array for Touch Security Applications. , 2017, ACS nano.

[20]  G. Zhu,et al.  Membrane‐Based Self‐Powered Triboelectric Sensors for Pressure Change Detection and Its Uses in Security Surveillance and Healthcare Monitoring , 2014 .

[21]  Yang Zou,et al.  Self-Powered, One-Stop, and Multifunctional Implantable Triboelectric Active Sensor for Real-Time Biomedical Monitoring. , 2016, Nano letters.

[22]  Takao Someya,et al.  Enhancing the Performance of Stretchable Conductors for E‐Textiles by Controlled Ink Permeation , 2017, Advanced materials.

[23]  Jianjun Luo,et al.  Self-Powered Electrospinning System Driven by a Triboelectric Nanogenerator. , 2017, ACS nano.

[24]  Zhong Lin Wang,et al.  Triboelectric Nanogenerator Enabled Body Sensor Network for Self-Powered Human Heart-Rate Monitoring. , 2017, ACS nano.

[25]  Zhong‐Lin Wang,et al.  Single‐Thread‐Based Wearable and Highly Stretchable Triboelectric Nanogenerators and Their Applications in Cloth‐Based Self‐Powered Human‐Interactive and Biomedical Sensing , 2017 .

[26]  Zhong Lin Wang,et al.  All-in-One Shape-Adaptive Self-Charging Power Package for Wearable Electronics. , 2016, ACS nano.

[27]  Jiwon Park,et al.  Corrugated Textile based Triboelectric Generator for Wearable Energy Harvesting , 2017, Scientific Reports.

[28]  Q. Pei,et al.  Electronic Muscles and Skins: A Review of Soft Sensors and Actuators. , 2017, Chemical reviews.

[29]  Ran Cao,et al.  A Breathable and Screen‐Printed Pressure Sensor Based on Nanofiber Membranes for Electronic Skins , 2018 .

[30]  Zhong Lin Wang,et al.  Eye motion triggered self-powered mechnosensational communication system using triboelectric nanogenerator , 2017, Science Advances.

[31]  Fengru Fan,et al.  Theoretical Comparison, Equivalent Transformation, and Conjunction Operations of Electromagnetic Induction Generator and Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Harvesting Mechanical Energy , 2014, Advanced materials.

[32]  Zhong Lin Wang,et al.  Woven structured triboelectric nanogenerator for wearable devices. , 2014, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[33]  Zhong Lin Wang,et al.  Screen-Printed Washable Electronic Textiles as Self-Powered Touch/Gesture Tribo-Sensors for Intelligent Human-Machine Interaction. , 2018, ACS nano.

[34]  Zhaona Wang,et al.  Eardrum‐Inspired Active Sensors for Self‐Powered Cardiovascular System Characterization and Throat‐Attached Anti‐Interference Voice Recognition , 2015, Advanced materials.

[35]  Xuemei Sun,et al.  Smart Electronic Textiles. , 2016, Angewandte Chemie.

[36]  Zhong Lin Wang,et al.  Flexible triboelectric generator , 2012 .

[37]  Ran Cao,et al.  Self-powered nanofiber-based screen-print triboelectric sensors for respiratory monitoring , 2018, Nano Research.

[38]  Tae Whan Kim,et al.  Wearable Electricity Generators Fabricated Utilizing Transparent Electronic Textiles Based on Polyester/Ag Nanowires/Graphene Core-Shell Nanocomposites. , 2016, ACS nano.

[39]  G. Cao,et al.  A Self‐Charging Power Unit by Integration of a Textile Triboelectric Nanogenerator and a Flexible Lithium‐Ion Battery for Wearable Electronics , 2015, Advanced materials.

[40]  Yang Wang,et al.  Wearable Large‐Scale Perovskite Solar‐Power Source via Nanocellular Scaffold , 2017, Advanced materials.

[41]  Ran Cao,et al.  A Compound Yarn Based Wearable Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Self‐Powered Wearable Electronics , 2018 .

[42]  Long Lin,et al.  Sustainable Energy Source for Wearable Electronics Based on Multilayer Elastomeric Triboelectric Nanogenerators , 2017 .

[43]  Yi Xing,et al.  Stretchable and Tailorable Triboelectric Nanogenerator Constructed by Nanofibrous Membrane for Energy Harvesting and Self‐Powered Biomechanical Monitoring , 2018 .

[44]  Zhong Lin Wang,et al.  Triboelectric nanogenerators as self-powered active sensors , 2015 .

[45]  Mengmeng Liu,et al.  Ultrastretchable, transparent triboelectric nanogenerator as electronic skin for biomechanical energy harvesting and tactile sensing , 2017, Science Advances.

[46]  J. R. Raney,et al.  Hybrid 3D Printing of Soft Electronics , 2017, Advanced materials.

[47]  Wei Wang,et al.  Frequency-multiplication high-output triboelectric nanogenerator for sustainably powering biomedical microsystems. , 2013, Nano letters.

[48]  Takao Someya,et al.  Inflammation-free, gas-permeable, lightweight, stretchable on-skin electronics with nanomeshes. , 2017, Nature nanotechnology.

[49]  Yu Wang,et al.  Stretchable Conductive Fibers Based on a Cracking Control Strategy for Wearable Electronics , 2018 .

[50]  Zhong Lin Wang,et al.  An ultrathin paper-based self-powered system for portable electronics and wireless human-machine interaction , 2017 .

[51]  Shuqi Wang,et al.  A Superhydrophobic Smart Coating for Flexible and Wearable Sensing Electronics , 2017, Advanced materials.

[52]  Nannan Zhang,et al.  Micro-cable structured textile for simultaneously harvesting solar and mechanical energy , 2016, Nature Energy.

[53]  Hyung Joon Shim,et al.  Flexible and Stretchable Smart Display: Materials, Fabrication, Device Design, and System Integration , 2018, Advanced Functional Materials.

[54]  Xiao-Sheng Zhang,et al.  Self-cleaning poly(dimethylsiloxane) film with functional micro/nano hierarchical structures. , 2013, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[55]  Benjamin C. K. Tee,et al.  Skin-like pressure and strain sensors based on transparent elastic films of carbon nanotubes. , 2011, Nature nanotechnology.

[56]  Gerhard Tröster,et al.  An electronic nose on flexible substrates integrated into a smart textile , 2012 .

[57]  Shuoran Chen,et al.  Nanoparticle Based Curve Arrays for Multirecognition Flexible Electronics , 2016, Advanced materials.