Direct Simulation of Surface Roughness Effects with a RANS and DES Approach on Viscous Adaptive Cartesian Grids

The main objective of this research is to directly compute the skin friction (cf) and heat transfer (St) coefficients on real rough surfaces using a state-of-the-art unstructured adaptive grid-based finite volume method. Recent experiments with real roughness panels by Bons are computationally simulated in this study. Computational results are compared with experimental data to assess the simulation accuracy. A RANS (Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes) approach based on the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model and a DES (Detached Eddy Simulation) approach are employed for the computations, and grid refinement studies are conducted to assess the effects of grid resolution. In two cases with rough surfaces, the RANS approach is capable of accurately predicting cf (within 3.5%) while under-predicting St by 8-15%. The DES approach was able to predict cf and St for smooth flat panels but failed in the cases with real roughness. The cause will be further investigated.

[1]  J. Whitelaw,et al.  Convective heat and mass transfer , 1966 .

[2]  Douglas N. Barlow,et al.  Effect of Surface Roughness on Local Heat Transfer and Film Cooling Effectiveness , 1995 .

[3]  A. T. Wassel,et al.  Calculation of Variable Property Turbulent Friction and Heat Transfer in Rough Pipes , 1979 .

[4]  Ting Wang,et al.  Effects of leading-edge roughness on fluid flow and heat transfer in the transitional boundary layer over a flat plate , 1997 .

[5]  M. P. Escudier,et al.  Turbulent boundary layers on rough surfaces , 1986 .

[6]  D. Dipprey,et al.  An experimental investigation of heat and momentum transfer in smooth and rough tubes at various Prandtl numbers , 1961 .

[7]  Philippe R. Spalart,et al.  Trends in turbulence treatments , 2000 .

[8]  Zhi J. Wang,et al.  Fast, Block Lower-Upper Symmetric Gauss-Seidel Scheme for Arbitrary Grids , 2000 .

[9]  V. Venkatakrishnan.  Convergence to steady state solutions of the Euler equations on unstructured grids with limiters , 1995 .

[10]  Philippe R. Spalart,et al.  Detached-eddy simulation of an airfoil at high angle of attack , 1999 .

[11]  Hugh W. Coleman,et al.  MEASUREMENT AND PREDICTION OF ROUGH WALL EFFECTS ON FRICTION FACTOR - UNIFORM ROUGHNESS RESULTS , 1988 .

[12]  Zhi J. Wang,et al.  Anisotropic Solution-Adaptive Viscous Cartesian Grid Method for Turbulent Flow Simulation , 2002 .

[13]  Zhi J. Wang,et al.  An adaptive Cartesian grid generation method for ‘Dirty’ geometry , 2002 .

[14]  Richard J Goldstein,et al.  Effect of Surface Roughness on Film Cooling Performance , 1984 .

[15]  P. Spalart.  Comments on the feasibility of LES for wings, and on a hybrid RANS/LES approach , 1997 .

[16]  Richard B. Rivir,et al.  The Many Faces of Turbine Surface Roughness , 2001 .

[17]  Jeffrey P. Bons.  St and c , 2002 .

[18]  H. Schlichting.  Boundary Layer Theory , 1955 .

[19]  Hugh W. Coleman,et al.  Measurement and Prediction of the Effects of Nonuniform Surface Roughness on Turbulent Flow Friction Coefficients , 1988 .

[20]  Zhi J. Wang,et al.  A Quadtree-based adaptive Cartesian/Quad grid flow solver for Navier-Stokes equations , 1998 .

[21]  T. V. Jones,et al.  Heat-transfer measurements in short-duration hypersonic facilities , 1973 .

[22]  David G. Bogard,et al.  Characterization and Laboratory Simulation of Turbine Airfoil Surface Roughness and Associated Heat Transfer , 1996 .

[23]  Hugh W. Coleman,et al.  Measurements and calculations of rough-wall heat transfer in the turbulent boundary layer , 1991 .

[24]  P. Spalart.  A One-Equation Turbulence Model for Aerodynamic Flows , 1992 .