Sensitivity enhancement in planar microwave active-resonator using metal organic framework for CO2 detection

Abstract This work presents a proof of concepts of CO 2 gas monitoring by a microwave sensor operating in microwave regime and study its sensitivity enhancement using an adsorbent bed of commercially available Zeolite 13X, and two synthesized MOF-199 (MOF-199-M1 and MOF-199-M2). The sensing principle of the sensor is based on the change in the dielectric properties of the bed, in response to CO 2 concentration change in the dry CO 2 /He mixture. The sensor’s response is quantified in terms of change in the resonant frequency with respect to baseline for each material. The sensor shows maximum sensitivity of 24 kHz/% CO 2 for MOF-199-M2 and minimum of 10 kHz/% CO 2 for Zeolite 13 X. The sensitivity of the microwave senor to CO 2 concentration, with MOF-199-M2 as the bed is higher than MOF-199-M1, which can be related to the presence of different amount of unsaturated Cu 2+ ions in their frameworks. XPS and XRD studies revealed marginal structure difference between MOF-199-M1 and MOF-199-M2. MOF-199-M2 has higher adsorption capacity compared to Zeolite 13 X and MOF-199-M1 at CO 2 concentration >45 vol.% which demonstrates potential application of microwave sensors even at high CO 2 concentration (>45 vol.%) using MOF-199-M2. Further work needs to study the sensor’s performance in non-dry gas streams at different levels of humidity and its integration with different materials to address the practical challenges, and to improve the selectivity of the sensor.

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