Vertical Profiles Over Flat Terrain

This chapter is going to introduce the basic laws for the shape of the vertical profiles of wind speed and turbulence in a flat, horizontally homogeneous atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) over land. The logarithmic wind profile and the power law profile are introduced and compared. The impact of thermal stratification of the air on the profiles is discussed. Extension of profile laws into the Ekman layer are presented. Internal boundary layers and low-level jets are addressed. Finally, specific features of wind and turbulence profiles over cities and forests are presented, too.

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