Carbon/phenolic and glass/phenolic composite sheets were pultruded and bonded to Eastern Hemlock wood using phenol-resorcinol formaldehyde (PRF) adhesive. Chemical compatibility between the bulk matrix of the fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) composites and the adhesive was sought in order to maximize the bond strength between the composites and the wood. The FRP sheets were surface treated to increase the mechanical bonding between the FRP and the wood. FRP-wood samples were fabricated using a variety of spread rates, assembly times and surface preparations. Shear tests were conducted to determine bond strength and failure mechanisms of the composites/wood joints. Glass/phenolic composites and (PRF) adhesives produced excellent bond strength with Eastern Hemlock. The carbon/phenolic composites exhibited inferior bond strength with Eastern Hemlock. Adhesive application procedure and control of the assembly time played an important role in maximizing the bond strength of both glass and carbon FRP-wood hybrids.