Hybrid Evolutionary Metaheuristics for Concurrent Multi-Objective Design of Urban Road and Public Transit Networks

This paper addresses a bi-modal multi-objective discrete urban road network design problem with automobile and bus flow interaction. The problem considers the concurrent urban road and bus network design in which the authorities play a major role in designing bus network topology. The road network design deals with the decision making for new street constructions, lane additions to existing streets, lane allocations for two-way streets, and the orientations and locations of one-way streets. The bus network design is performed by keeping the terminal stations of the existing bus lines unchanged and redesigning the forth and back routes of each line. Four measures, namely user benefit, the demand coverage of the bus network, the demand share of the bus mode, and the average travel generalized cost of bus passengers, are used to evaluate the network design scenarios. The problem is formulated as a multi-objective optimization model in which a modal-split/assignment model is included to depict the mode and route choice behaviors of travelers. The model is solved by the hybrid genetic algorithm and the hybrid clonal selection algorithm. The performance of these algorithms is presented and investigated by solving a number of test networks.

[1]  M. Turnquist,et al.  Approximate algorithms for the discrete network design problem , 1982 .

[2]  Satish V. Ukkusuri,et al.  System-Optimal Stochastic Transportation Network Design , 2007 .

[3]  Liangpei Zhang,et al.  An unsupervised artificial immune classifier for multi/hyperspectral remote sensing imagery , 2006, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens..

[4]  Fred S. Roberts,et al.  On the optimal strongly connected orientations of city street graphs. II: Two east-west avenues or North - South Streets , 1989, Networks.

[5]  Liangpei Zhang,et al.  Multispectral remote sensing image classification based on simulated annealing clonal selection algorithm , 2005, Proceedings. 2005 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 2005. IGARSS '05..

[6]  Donald W. Hearn,et al.  Congestion Pricing for Multi-Modal Transportation Systems , 2007 .

[7]  Suh-Wen Chiou.  A hybrid approach for optimal design of signalized road network , 2008 .

[8]  Chi Xie,et al.  Robust Optimization Model for a Dynamic Network Design Problem Under Demand Uncertainty , 2011 .

[9]  Zvi Drezner,et al.  NETWORK DESIGN: SELECTION AND DESIGN OF LINKS AND FACILITY LOCATION , 2003 .

[10]  M. Gallo,et al.  A MULTIMODAL APPROACH FOR MANAGING TRANSPORTATION DESIGN PROBLEMS OF REAL SIZE NETWORKS , 2005 .

[11]  M. Florian,et al.  The convergence of diagonalization algorithms for asymmetric network equilibrium problems , 1982 .

[12]  Hai Yang,et al.  Travel Time Minimization Versus Reserve Capacity Maximization in the Network Design Problem , 2002 .

[13]  George B. Dantzig,et al.  Formulating and solving the network design problem by decomposition , 1979 .

[14]  W. Y. Szeto,et al.  A simultaneous bus route design and frequency setting problem for Tin Shui Wai, Hong Kong , 2011, Eur. J. Oper. Res..

[15]  W. Y. Szeto,et al.  Multi-objective discrete urban road network design , 2013, Comput. Oper. Res..

[16]  J. Clegg,et al.  Bilevel programming applied to optimising urban transportation , 2001 .

[17]  Leandro Nunes de Castro,et al.  The Clonal Selection Algorithm with Engineering Applications 1 , 2000 .

[18]  Thomas L. Magnanti,et al.  Network Design and Transportation Planning: Models and Algorithms , 1984, Transp. Sci..

[19]  Lothar Thiele,et al.  Comparison of Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms: Empirical Results , 2000, Evolutionary Computation.

[20]  Umberto Crisalli,et al.  A Doubly Dynamic Schedule-based Assignment Model for Transit Networks , 2001, Transp. Sci..

[21]  Agachai Sumalee,et al.  A Genetic Algorithm Based Approach to Optimal Toll Level and Location Problems , 2004 .

[22]  Hossain Poorzahedy,et al.  Hybrid meta-heuristic algorithms for solving network design problem , 2007, Eur. J. Oper. Res..

[23]  Giulio Erberto Cantarella,et al.  Heuristics for urban road network design: Lane layout and signal settings , 2006, Eur. J. Oper. Res..

[24]  Michel Gendreau,et al.  Implicit Enumeration of Hyperpaths in a Logit Model for Transit Networks , 1992, Transp. Sci..

[25]  Mariano Gallo,et al.  A meta-heuristic approach for solving the Urban Network Design Problem , 2010, Eur. J. Oper. Res..

[26]  Fitsum Teklu.  A Stochastic Process Approach for Frequency-based Transit Assignment with Strict Capacity Constraints , 2008 .

[27]  Hai Yang,et al.  Models and algorithms for road network design: a review and some new developments , 1998 .

[28]  FREQUENCY DESIGN OF BUS TRANSIT IN MIXED URBAN TRANSPORT NETWORK , 2007 .

[29]  David E. Boyce,et al.  A general bilevel linear programming formulation of the network design problem , 1988 .

[30]  T. Friesz,et al.  The multiobjective equilibrium network design problem revisited: A simulated annealing approach , 1993 .

[31]  S. Dafermos.  The Traffic Assignment Problem for Multiclass-User Transportation Networks , 1972 .

[32]  W. Y. Szeto,et al.  Time-dependent transport network design under cost-recovery , 2009 .

[33]  Enrique Fernández,et al.  Transit Assignment for Congested Public Transport Systems: An Equilibrium Model , 1993, Transp. Sci..

[34]  Nigel H. M. Wilson,et al.  Bus network design , 1986 .

[35]  Larry J. LeBlanc,et al.  AN EFFICIENT APPROACH TO SOLVING THE ROAD NETWORK EQUILIBRIUM TRAFFIC ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM. IN: THE AUTOMOBILE , 1975 .

[36]  Terry L. Friesz,et al.  TRANSPORTATION NETWORK EQUILIBRIUM, DESIGN AND AGGREGATION: KEY DEVELOPMENTS AND RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES. IN: THE AUTOMOBILE , 1985 .

[37]  M. R. McCord,et al.  Urban transportation networks: Equilibrium analysis with mathematical programming methods: Yosef Sheffi. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, U.S.A. 1985. 399 pp. + xvi. $40.95 , 1987 .

[38]  W. Y. Szeto,et al.  STRATEGIES FOR ROAD NETWORK DESIGN OVER TIME: ROBUSTNESS UNDER UNCERTAINTY , 2005 .

[39]  Peter A. Steenbrink,et al.  Transport network optimization in the Dutch integral transportation study , 1974 .

[40]  W. Y. Szeto,et al.  Time‐Dependent Discrete Network Design Frameworks Considering Land Use , 2010, Comput. Aided Civ. Infrastructure Eng..

[41]  Joaquín de Cea Ch.,et al.  Demand responsive urban public transport system design: Methodology and application , 2008 .

[42]  Athanasios Migdalas,et al.  Bilevel programming in traffic planning: Models, methods and challenge , 1995, J. Glob. Optim..

[43]  Larry J. LeBlanc,et al.  Methods for Combining Modal Split and Equilibrium Assignment Models , 1979 .

[44]  Jin-Kao Hao,et al.  Transit network design and scheduling: A global review , 2008 .

[45]  Hong Kong,et al.  A Simultaneous Bus Route Design and Frequency Setting Problem for Tin Shui Wai , Hong Kong , 2011 .

[46]  Hai Yang,et al.  Sensitivity Analysis of Stochastic User Equilibrium Flows in a Bi-Modal Network with Application to Optimal Pricing , 2005 .

[47]  W. Y. Szeto,et al.  A turning restriction design problem in urban road networks , 2010, Eur. J. Oper. Res..

[48]  Chi-Kang Lee,et al.  NETWORK DESIGN OF ONE‐WAY STREETS WITH SIMULATED ANNEALING , 2005 .

[49]  Larry J. LeBlanc,et al.  An Algorithm for the Discrete Network Design Problem , 1975 .

[50]  Y. She.  Urban Transportation Networks: Equilibrium Analysis with Mathematical Programming Methods , 1985 .

[51]  LU Hua-pu,et al.  Robust Transportation Network Design under Demand Uncertainty , 2011 .

[52]  H. Poorzahedy,et al.  Application of Ant System to network design problem , 2005 .

[53]  Dung-Ying Lin,et al.  A Dantzig-Wolfe Decomposition Based Heuristic Scheme for Bi-level Dynamic Network Design Problem , 2011 .

[54]  Yu Jiang,et al.  Reliability-Based Transit Assignment for Congested Stochastic Transit Networks , 2011, Comput. Aided Civ. Infrastructure Eng..

[55]  Michael Florian,et al.  Optimal strategies: A new assignment model for transit networks , 1989 .

[56]  Clermont Dupuis,et al.  An Efficient Method for Computing Traffic Equilibria in Networks with Asymmetric Transportation Costs , 1984, Transp. Sci..

[57]  Zvi Drezner,et al.  Selecting an Optimum Configuration of One-Way and Two-Way Routes , 1997, Transp. Sci..

[58]  S. Dafermos.  Relaxation Algorithms for the General Asymmetric Traffic Equilibrium Problem , 1982 .

[59]  Tetsuo Yai,et al.  Optimizing Frequency of Bus Services in Mixed-Traffic Urban Streets , 2011 .

[60]  Said Salhi.  Selecting a good configuration of one-way and two-way routes using tabu searcht , 2013 .

[61]  Antonino Vitetta,et al.  The multi-criteria road network design problem in an urban area , 2006 .

[62]  Zvi Drezner,et al.  Using hybrid metaheuristics for the one‐way and two‐way network design problem , 2002 .

[63]  W. Y. Szeto,et al.  Bi-objective bimodal urban road network design using hybrid metaheuristics , 2012, Central Eur. J. Oper. Res..

[64]  Satish V. Ukkusuri,et al.  Linear Programming Models for the User and System Optimal Dynamic Network Design Problem: Formulations, Comparisons and Extensions , 2008 .

[65]  Huijun Sun,et al.  A continuous equilibrium network design model and algorithm for transit systems , 2004 .

[66]  A. Sumalee,et al.  A Study on Network Design Problems for Multi-modal Networks by Probit-based Stochastic User Equilibrium , 2007 .

[67]  Giuseppe Bellei,et al.  Network pricing optimization in multi-user and multimodal context with elastic demand , 2002 .

[68]  M. Hickman,et al.  Public Transit , 1994, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure.

[69]  John H. Holland,et al.  Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems: An Introductory Analysis with Applications to Biology, Control, and Artificial Intelligence , 1992 .

[70]  Lothar Thiele,et al.  Comparison of Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms: Empirical Results , 2000, Evolutionary Computation.

[71]  Fernando José Von Zuben,et al.  Learning and optimization using the clonal selection principle , 2002, IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput..

[72]  Ziyou Gao,et al.  Two-way road network design problem with variable lanes , 2007 .

[73]  Shing Chung Josh Wong,et al.  The Optimal Transit Fare Structure under Different Market Regimes with Uncertainty in the Network , 2009 .

[74]  Fred S. Roberts,et al.  On the Optimal Strongly Connected Orientations of City Street Graphs IV: Four East-West Avenues or North-South Streets , 1994, Discret. Appl. Math..

[75]  M. Gallo,et al.  Optimisation models for the urban parking pricing problem , 2006 .

[76]  P. Ferrari.  A model of urban transport management , 1999 .

[77]  W. Y. Szeto,et al.  Transportation network improvement and tolling strategies: The issue of intergeneration equity , 2006 .

[78]  Fred S. Roberts,et al.  On the optimal strongly connected orientations of city street graphs. III. Three east-west avenues or north-south streets , 1989, Networks.

[79]  Marco Laumanns,et al.  SPEA2: Improving the strength pareto evolutionary algorithm , 2001 .

[80]  Satish V. Ukkusuri,et al.  Selectorecombinative Genetic Algorithm to Relax Computational Complexity of Discrete Network Design Problem , 2006 .

[81]  W. Y. Szeto,et al.  Time-dependent transport network improvement and tolling strategies , 2008 .

[82]  Anna Nagurney,et al.  Comparative tests of multimodal traffic equilibrium methods , 1984 .

[83]  Steven T Waller,et al.  Integrated Network Capacity Expansion and Traffic Signal Optimization Problem: Robust Bi-level Dynamic Formulation , 2010 .

[84]  Fred S. Roberts,et al.  On the Optimal Strongly Connected Orientations of City Street Graphs I: Large Grids , 1988, SIAM J. Discret. Math..

[85]  Hong Kam Lo,et al.  Modeling transfer and non-linear fare structure in multi-modal network , 2003 .