Scaling Up Malaria Control in Zambia: Progress and Impact 2005–2008

Zambia national survey, administrative, health facility, and special study data were used to assess progress and impact in national malaria control between 2000 and 2008. Zambia malaria financial support expanded from US$9 million in 2003 to US$ ~40 million in 2008. High malaria prevention coverage was achieved and extended to poor and rural areas. Increasing coverage was consistent in time and location with reductions in child (age 6–59 months) parasitemia and severe anemia (53% and 68% reductions, respectively, from 2006 to 2008) and with lower post-neonatal infant and 1–4 years of age child mortality (38% and 36% reductions between 2001/2 and 2007 survey estimates). Zambia has dramatically reduced malaria transmission, disease, and child mortality burden through rapid national scale-up of effective interventions. Sustained progress toward malaria elimination will require maintaining high prevention coverage and further reducing transmission by actively searching for and treating infected people who harbor malaria parasites.

[1]  D. Krogstad,et al.  Malaria as a reemerging disease. , 1996, Epidemiologic reviews.

[2]  R. Wenlock.  The incidence of plasmodium parasites in rural Zambia. , 1978, East African medical journal.

[3]  J. Beck.  A Textbook of Malaria Eradication , 1963 .

[4]  Steven A Harvey,et al.  Improving community health worker use of malaria rapid diagnostic tests in Zambia: package instructions, job aid and job aid-plus-training , 2008, Malaria Journal.

[5]  M. Kolczak,et al.  Community-wide effects of permethrin-treated bed nets on child mortality and malaria morbidity in western Kenya. , 2003, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[6]  J. Volmink,et al.  Reducing Malaria's Burden: evidence of effectiveness for decision makers , 2003 .

[7]  C. C. Campbell.  Malaria: an emerging and re-emerging global plague. , 1997, FEMS immunology and medical microbiology.

[8]  D. Gubler,et al.  Resurgent vector-borne diseases as a global health problem. , 1998, Emerging infectious diseases.

[9]  Kiersten B. Johnson,et al.  The DHS wealth index , 2004 .

[10]  S. P. Kachur,et al.  Preventing Childhood Malaria in Africa by Protecting Adults from Mosquitoes with Insecticide-Treated Nets , 2007, PLoS medicine.

[11]  R. Snow,et al.  From chloroquine to artemether-lumefantrine: the process of drug policy change in Zambia , 2008, Malaria Journal.

[12]  B. Metchock,et al.  Childhood mortality during and after hospitalization in western Kenya: effect of malaria treatment regimens. , 1996, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[13]  C. Lengeler,et al.  Insecticide-treated bed nets and curtains for preventing malaria. , 2004, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[14]  M. Kolczak,et al.  Impact of permethrin-treated bed nets on malaria and all-cause morbidity in young children in an area of intense perennial malaria transmission in western Kenya: cross-sectional survey. , 2003, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[15]  J. Kolaczinski,et al.  Extension of indoor residual spraying for malaria control into high transmission settings in Africa. , 2007, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

[16]  Ndow As,et al.  The Gambia Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2005 / 2006 report. Monitoring the situation of children and women. , 2007 .

[17]  Suprotik Basu,et al.  National malaria control and scaling up for impact: the Zambia experience through 2006. , 2008, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[18]  M. Kolczak,et al.  Implications of the western Kenya permethrin-treated bed net study for policy, program implementation, and future research. , 2003, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.