Material response during nanosecond laser induced breakdown inside of the exit surface of fused silica

The material response following nanosecond, UV laser induced breakdown inside of the exit surface of fused silica is investigated using multimodal time resolved microscopy. The study spans up to about 75 ns delay from the onset of material modification during the laser pulse through the observation of material ejection. A number of distinct processes were identified, including: a) the onset of optical absorption in the material arising from the buildup of an electronic excitation, b) the expansion of the hot modified region (plasma) along the surface and inside the bulk, c) the formation of radial and circumferential cracks, d) the swelling of the affected region on the surface and, e) the onset of ejection of material clusters at about 30 ns delay and its progression to a well-defined jet by about 75 ns delay. Limited theoretical modeling is used to aid the interpretation of the data.

[1]  A. Tünnermann,et al.  Femtosecond, picosecond and nanosecond laser ablation of solids , 1996 .

[2]  Jérôme Néauport,et al.  Concerning the impact of polishing induced contamination of fused silica optics on the laser-induced damage density at 351 nm , 2008 .

[3]  Joe Wong,et al.  Distribution of defects induced in fused silica by ultraviolet laser pulses before and after treatment with a CO2 laser , 2005 .

[4]  U. Paek,et al.  High-intensity laser-induced vaporization and explosion of solid material , 1971 .

[5]  N. Bloembergen Role of cracks, pores, and absorbing inclusions on laser induced damage threshold at surfaces of transparent dielectrics. , 1973, Applied optics.

[6]  D. Perez,et al.  Ablation of molecular solids under nanosecond laser pulses : The role of inertial confinement , 2006 .

[7]  Stavros G Demos,et al.  Application of fluorescence microscopy for noninvasive detection of surface contamination and precursors to laser-induced damage. , 2002, Applied optics.

[8]  Peter H. Rose,et al.  Recent experiments in laser supported absorption waves , 1975 .

[9]  M. Meunier,et al.  Thermodynamic pathways to melting, ablation, and solidification in absorbing solids under pulsed laser irradiation , 2006 .

[10]  A. Guenther,et al.  Pulsed laser-induced damage to thin-film optical coatings - Part II: Theory , 1981, IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics.

[11]  E. Mazur,et al.  Femtosecond laser micromachining in transparent materials , 2008 .

[12]  Michael D. Feit,et al.  Implications of nanoabsorber initiators for damage probability curves, pulselength scaling, and laser conditioning , 2003, SPIE Laser Damage.

[13]  Stavros G. Demos,et al.  Time-resolved microscope system to image material response following localized laser energy deposition: exit surface damage in fused silica as a case example , 2010 .

[14]  Manyalibo J. Matthews,et al.  Synchrotron radiation infrared microscopic study of non-bridging oxygen modes associated with laser-induced breakdown of fused silica , 2011 .

[15]  Stavros G. Demos,et al.  Strong nonlinear growth of energy coupling during laser irradiation of transparent dielectrics and its significance for laser induced damage , 2011 .

[16]  Michael D. Feit,et al.  Modeling of laser damage initiated by surface contamination , 1997, Laser Damage.

[17]  Stavros G. Demos,et al.  Role of phase instabilities in the early response of bulk fused silica during laser-induced breakdown , 2011 .

[18]  J. D. Bude,et al.  Laser-supported solid-state absorption fronts in silica , 2010 .

[19]  Ian D. Hutcheon,et al.  Morphology and microstructure in fused silica induced by high fluence ultraviolet 3ω (355 nm) laser pulses , 2006 .

[20]  Kaoru Minoshima,et al.  Characterization of laser induced damage sites in optical components. , 2002, Optics express.

[21]  Donald R Uhlmann,et al.  Mechanism of Inclusion Damage in Laser Glass , 1970 .

[22]  Stavros G. Demos,et al.  Kinetics of ejected particles during breakdown in fused silica by nanosecond laser pulses , 2011 .

[23]  Perry,et al.  Nanosecond-to-femtosecond laser-induced breakdown in dielectrics. , 1996, Physical review. B, Condensed matter.

[24]  Alberto Salleo,et al.  Laser-driven formation of a high-pressure phase in amorphous silica , 2002, Nature materials.

[25]  Stavros G. Demos,et al.  Optical defects produced in fused silica during laser-induced breakdown , 2003 .

[26]  Xiaodong Jiang,et al.  Structural modification in amorphous silica after exposure to low fluence 355 nm laser irradiation , 2011 .

[27]  R. Russo,et al.  Laser ablation induced vapor plume expansion into a background gas. II. Experimental analysis , 2007 .

[28]  R. F. Harrison,et al.  Impulse coupling to targets in vacuum by KrF, HF, and CO2 single‐pulse lasers , 1988 .