Selecting Scheduling Algorithms for Charging of Electric Vehicles in Photovoltaic Powered Microgrids

Electric vehicles have a limited driving range before another charge is required. The number of charging stations available in South Africa is low, meaning that the few stations that are available need to be managed effectively. The purpose of this paper is to determine criteria for selecting appropriate algorithms for scheduling the charging of Electric Vehicles (EVs) in photovoltaic (PV) microgrids. Research articles were rigorously reviewed on how scheduling has been applied in other domains, especially timetabling problems, due to the similarities between timetabling scheduling and scheduling of EV charging. The paper also reports on a review of the constraints involved in scheduling, particularly in scheduling the charging of EVs powered by PVs. From the proposed criteria, appropriate scheduling algorithms are recommended for scheduling the EV charging in smart microgrids that are PV powered.

[1]  Ross Baldick,et al.  The Evolution of Plug-In Electric Vehicle-Grid Interactions , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[2]  J. Christopher Beck,et al.  Scheduling a Multi-Cable Electric Vehicle Charging Facility , 2013 .

[3]  Michael Pinedo.  Overview of Stochastic Scheduling Problems , 2012 .

[4]  Yuichi Kobayashi,et al.  A route search method for electric vehicles in consideration of range and locations of charging stations , 2011, 2011 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV).

[5]  John Lowry,et al.  Electric Vehicle Technology Explained , 2003 .

[6]  Joe Henry Obit,et al.  Developing novel meta-heuristic, hyper-heuristic and cooperative search for course timetabling problems , 2010 .

[7]  Yu Lin,et al.  Developing a dynamic neighborhood structure for an adaptive hybrid simulated annealing - tabu search algorithm to solve the symmetrical traveling salesman problem , 2016, Appl. Soft Comput..

[8]  Jason Cong,et al.  Scheduling with soft constraints , 2009, 2009 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design - Digest of Technical Papers.

[9]  D. K. Gupta,et al.  A new hybrid algorithm for university course timetabling problem using events based on groupings of students , 2014, Comput. Ind. Eng..

[10]  Jean-Noël Monette,et al.  Solving scheduling problems from high-level models , 2011, 4OR.

[11]  Adam P. Piotrowski,et al.  Swarm Intelligence and Evolutionary Algorithms: Performance versus speed , 2017, Inf. Sci..

[12]  Nelishia Pillay,et al.  A survey of school timetabling research , 2014, Ann. Oper. Res..

[13]  A. Farina,et al.  Hard-constrained versus soft-constrained parameter estimation , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems.

[14]  Thatchai Thepphakorn,et al.  An ant colony based timetabling tool , 2014 .

[15]  F. Pezzella,et al.  A genetic algorithm for the Flexible Job-shop Scheduling Problem , 2008, Comput. Oper. Res..

[16]  Jaber Karimpour,et al.  A survey of approaches for university course timetabling problem , 2015, Comput. Ind. Eng..

[17]  Petr Vilím,et al.  Global Constraints in Scheduling , 2007 .

[18]  Sanjay Silakari,et al.  Survey of Metaheuristic Algorithms for Combinatorial Optimization , 2012 .

[19]  Jorge Puente,et al.  Electric vehicle charging under power and balance constraints as dynamic scheduling , 2015, Comput. Ind. Eng..

[20]  Paolo Toth,et al.  An overview of curriculum-based course timetabling , 2015 .

[21]  Fredrik Carlsson,et al.  Costs and Benefits of Electric Vehicles A 2010 Perspective , 2003 .

[22]  Dimitri P. Bertsekas,et al.  Rollout Algorithms for Stochastic Scheduling Problems , 1999, J. Heuristics.

[23]  Torsten Bertram,et al.  Model-based remaining driving range prediction in electric vehicles by using particle filtering and Markov chains , 2013, 2013 World Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (EVS27).

[24]  Philippe Baptiste,et al.  Scheduling a single machine to minimize a regular objective function under setup constraints , 2005, Discret. Optim..

[25]  Christian Blum,et al.  Metaheuristics in combinatorial optimization: Overview and conceptual comparison , 2003, CSUR.

[26]  Laxmi Srivastava,et al.  Prediction of transmission line overloading using intelligent technique , 2008, Appl. Soft Comput..

[27]  Wencong Su,et al.  Stochastic Energy Scheduling in Microgrids With Intermittent Renewable Energy Resources , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[28]  Michel Gendreau,et al.  Metaheuristics in Combinatorial Optimization , 2022 .

[29]  S. Soares,et al.  Deterministic versus stochastic models for long term hydrothermal scheduling , 2006, 2006 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting.

[30]  Ahlem Ben Hassine,et al.  Meeting Scheduling based on Swarm Intelligence , 2015, KES.

[31]  Anil Pahwa,et al.  Solar powered charge stations for electric vehicles , 2013 .

[32]  Puteh Saad,et al.  Incorporating constraint propagation in genetic algorithm for university timetable planning , 1999 .