Aluminum anode for aluminum–air battery – Part I: Influence of aluminum purity

Abstract 2N5 commercial grade aluminum (99.5% purity) leads to the lower aluminum–air battery performances than 4N high pure grade aluminum (99.99% purity) due to impurities itself and formed impurity complex layer which contained Fe, Si, Cu and others. The impurity complex layer of 2N5 grade Al declines the battery voltage on standby status. It also depletes discharge current and battery efficiency at 1.0 V which is general operating voltage of aluminum–air battery. However, the impurity complex layer of 2N5 grade Al is dissolved with decreasing discharge voltage to 0.8 V. This phenomenon leads to improvement of discharge current density and battery efficiency by reducing self-corrosion reaction. This study demonstrates the possibility of use of 2N5 grade Al which is cheaper than 4N grade Al as the anode for aluminum–air battery.

[1]  S. Feliu,et al.  Influence of alloying elements and etching treatment on the passivating films formed on aluminium alloys , 2007 .

[2]  R. Durand,et al.  Electrochemical behaviour of aluminium in concentrated NaOH solutions , 1999 .

[3]  G. Thompson,et al.  Surface morphological changes of aluminium alloys in alkaline solution : effect of second phase material , 1999 .

[4]  F. Endres,et al.  Additive free electrodeposition of nanocrystalline aluminium in a water and air stable ionic liquid , 2005 .

[5]  Kemal Nis¸ancioğlu.  Electrochemical Behavior of Aluminum‐Base Intermetallics Containing Iron , 1990 .

[6]  Ahmad Azmin Mohamad,et al.  Electrochemical properties of aluminum anodes in gel electrolyte-based aluminum-air batteries , 2008 .

[7]  M. A. Kulandainathan,et al.  Characterisation of different grades of commercially pure aluminium as prospective galvanic anodes in saline and alkaline battery electrolyte , 1989 .

[8]  R. Durand,et al.  Characterization of different grades of aluminum anodes for aluminum/air batteries , 1997 .

[9]  Robert J.K. Wood,et al.  Developments in electrode materials and electrolytes for aluminium-air batteries , 2013 .

[10]  Kaan C. Emregül,et al.  The behavior of aluminum in alkaline media , 2000 .

[11]  M. Urquidi-Macdonald,et al.  Evaluation of Alloy Anodes for Aluminum‐Air Batteries IV . Electrochemical Impedance Analysis of Pure Aluminum in at 25°C , 1988 .

[12]  Niels J. Bjerrum,et al.  Aluminum as anode for energy storage and conversion: a review , 2002 .

[13]  Marian Chatenet,et al.  Understanding aluminum behaviour in aqueous alkaline solution using coupled techniques. Part I. Rotating ring-disk study , 2006 .

[14]  Z. Deng,et al.  Effect of trace species in water on the reaction of Al with water , 2014 .

[15]  J. Radošević,et al.  Cathodic breakdown of anodic oxide film on Al and Al–Sn alloys in NaCl solution , 2005 .

[16]  R. Savinell,et al.  Experimental data on aluminum dissolution in KOH electrolytes , 1991 .