SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND THE SPOTTED OWL (STRIX OCCIDENTALIS): OPPORTUNITIES FOR MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO AVIAN POPULATION ECOLOGY

AMONG ALL avian research programs, results from investigations into the ecology, behavior, life history, and demography of Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis) may have had the single greatest effect on land-use policy in the United States. The reasons for that are simple: in general, throughout their ranges, populations of all three subspecies of Spotted Owl-Northern, California, and Mexican-require large areas associated with large, old trees, that have high economic value (Simberloff 1987, Yaffee 1994). In truth, motivation for that long-term, intensive research program has been driven as much by legal and political concerns as scientific interest. Legal concerns stem from a mandate to comply with federal environmental laws such as the National Forest Management Act and the Endangered Species Act-legislation that compels federal land management agencies to

[1]  R. Lande,et al.  Demographic models of the northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina) , 1988, Oecologia.

[2]  I. Blackburn,et al.  SPOTTED OWL Strix occidentalis , 2004 .

[3]  E. Forsman.  Methods and Materials , for Locating and Studying Spotted Owls , 2004 .

[4]  Carey,et al.  SPOTTED OWLS: RESOURCE AND SPACE USE IN MOSAIC LANDSCAPES , 2003 .

[5]  M. Seamans,et al.  MEXICAN SPOTTED OWL (STRIX OCCIDENTALIS) POPULATION DYNAMICS: INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC VARIATION ON SURVIVAL AND REPRODUCTION , 2002 .

[6]  P. Hodum,et al.  Thermal Ecology and Ecological Energetics of California Spotted Owls , 2001 .

[7]  B. Noon,et al.  Demography of the California Spotted Owl in Northeastern California , 2001 .

[8]  Michael L. Morrison,et al.  A Proposed Research Emphasis to Overcome the Limits of Wildlife-Habitat Relationship Studies , 2001 .

[9]  M. Seamans,et al.  Spotted owl demography in the central Sierra Nevada , 2001 .

[10]  David R. Anderson,et al.  CLIMATE, HABITAT QUALITY, AND FITNESS IN NORTHERN SPOTTED OWL POPULATIONS IN NORTHWESTERN CALIFORNIA , 2000 .

[11]  David R. Anderson,et al.  Null Hypothesis Testing: Problems, Prevalence, and an Alternative , 2000 .

[12]  M. North,et al.  Association of weather and nest-site structure with reproductive success in California spotted owls , 2000 .

[13]  B. Sæther,et al.  AVIAN LIFE HISTORY VARIATION AND CONTRIBUTION OF DEMOGRAPHIC TRAITS TO THE POPULATION GROWTH RATE , 2000 .

[14]  David R. Anderson,et al.  Model Selection and Inference: A Practical Information-Theoretic Approach , 2001 .

[15]  Christopher A. May,et al.  Demography of Two Mexican Spotted Owl Populations , 1999 .

[16]  Michael J. Wisdom,et al.  Reliability of Conservation Actions Based on Elasticity Analysis of Matrix Models , 1999 .

[17]  Douglas H. Johnson.  The Insignificance of Statistical Significance Testing , 1999 .

[18]  David R. Anderson,et al.  A protocol for conflict resolution in analyzing empirical data related to natural resource controversies , 1999 .

[19]  K. Burnham,et al.  Program MARK: survival estimation from populations of marked animals , 1999 .

[20]  Paul Beier,et al.  EFFECTS OF HELICOPTER NOISE ON MEXICAN SPOTTED OWLS , 1999 .

[21]  L. Diller,et al.  Population density of Northern Spotted Owls in managed young-growth forests in coastal northern California , 1999 .

[22]  C. J. Zabel,et al.  Forest stand characteristics and reproduction of northern spotted owls in managed North-Coastal California forests , 1999 .

[23]  James D. Nichols,et al.  Estimation of temporal variability of survival in animal populations , 1998 .

[24]  Daniel W. Beyers,et al.  Causal Inference in Environmental Impact Studies , 1998, Journal of the North American Benthological Society.

[25]  James N. M. Smith,et al.  Morphological Differentiation of Brown-Headed Cowbirds in the Okanagan Valley, British Columbia , 1998 .

[26]  Mark S. Boyce,et al.  Influence of habitat abundance and fragmentation on northern spotted owls in western Oregon , 1998 .

[27]  B. Noon,et al.  Habitat selection by northern spotted owls : The consequences of prey selection and distribution , 1998 .

[28]  B. Noon,et al.  Mitigation of Habitat “Take”: Application to Habitat Conservation Planning , 1997 .

[29]  Kevin S. McKelvey,et al.  Management of the spotted owl : A case history in conservation biology , 1996 .

[30]  David R. Anderson,et al.  Methods for collecting and analyzing demographic data on the northern spotted owl , 1996 .

[31]  B. Noon,et al.  Use, interpretation, and implications of demographic analyses of northern spotted owl populations , 1996 .

[32]  B. Noon,et al.  A common framework for conservation planning: Linking individual and metapopulation models [Chapter 7] , 1996 .

[33]  C. J. Zabel,et al.  Influence of primary prey on home-range size and habitat-use patterns of northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) , 1995 .

[34]  B. Danielson,et al.  Spatially Explicit Population Models: Current Forms and Future Uses , 1995 .

[35]  Frank P Howe,et al.  Recovery Plan for the Mexican Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis lucida) , 1995 .

[36]  M. Brunson.  The Wisdom of the Spotted Owl: Policy Lessons for a New Century , 1995 .

[37]  J. Nichols,et al.  On the importance of sampling variance to investigations of temporal variation in animal population size , 1994 .

[38]  Roland H. Lamberson,et al.  Reserve Design for Territorial Species: The Effects of Patch Size and Spacing on the Viability of the Northern Spotted Owl* , 1994 .

[39]  R. J. Gutiérrez.  Changes in the distribution and abundance of spotted owls during the past century , 1994 .

[40]  H. Resit Akçakaya,et al.  Spotted owl metapopulation dynamics in Southern California , 1994 .

[41]  D. D. Murphy,et al.  Management of the spotted owl: the interation of science, policy, politics, and litigation , 1994 .

[42]  B. Noon,et al.  Dusky-footed woodrat abundance in different-aged forests in northwestern California , 1993 .

[43]  J. W. Thomas,et al.  Forest ecosystem management : an ecological, economic, and social assessment. Report of the forest ecosystem management assessment team , 1993 .

[44]  David H. Johnson.  Spotted owls, great horned owls, and forest fragmentation in the central Oregon Cascades , 1992 .

[45]  B. Biswell,et al.  Northern Spotted Owls: Influence of Prey Base and Landscape Character , 1992 .

[46]  B. Noon,et al.  Integrating Scientific Methods with Habitat Conservation Planning: Reserve Design for Northern Spotted Owls. , 1992, Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America.

[47]  Kevin S. McKelvey,et al.  The California Spotted Owl: A Technical Assessment of Its Current Status. , 1992 .

[48]  J. R. Moseley.  Record of decision : final environmental impact statement on management for the northern spotted owl in the national forests. , 1992 .

[49]  Dennis D. Murphy,et al.  Coping with uncertainty in wildlife biology , 1991 .

[50]  B. Noon,et al.  Mathematical demography of spotted owls in the Pacific northwest , 1990 .

[51]  P. Holgate,et al.  Matrix Population Models. , 1990 .

[52]  S. Tuljapurkar,et al.  An uncertain life: demography in random environments. , 1989, Theoretical population biology.

[53]  David R. Anderson,et al.  Design and Analysis Methods for Fish Survival Experiments Based on Release-Recapture. , 1988 .

[54]  R. Lande,et al.  Extinction Thresholds in Demographic Models of Territorial Populations , 1987, The American Naturalist.

[55]  Daniel Simberloff,et al.  The Spotted Owl Fracas: Mixing Academic, Applied, and Political Ecology , 1987 .

[56]  R. J. Gutiérrez,et al.  Ecology and management of the spotted owl in the Pacific Northwest. , 1985 .

[57]  R. J. Gutiérrez.  An overview of recent research on the spotted owl , 1985 .

[58]  B. V. Horne,et al.  DENSITY AS A MISLEADING INDICATOR OF HABITAT QUALITY , 1983 .

[59]  C. Barrows.  Roost Selection by Spotted Owls: An Adaptation to Heat Stress , 1981 .

[60]  Martin Goldstein,et al.  How We Know: An Exploration of the Scientific Process. , 1980 .

[61]  C. Barrows,et al.  ROOST CHARACTERISTICS AND BEHAVIORAL THERMOREGULATION IN THE SPOTTED OWL , 1978 .