An Overview of Knowledge-Acquisition and Transfer

A distributed anticipatory system formulation of knowledge acquisition and transfer processes is presented which provides scientific foundations for knowledge engineering. The formulation gives an operational model of the notion of expertise and the role it plays in our society. It suggests that the basic cognitive system that should be considered is a social organization, rather than an individual. Computational models of inductive inference already developed can be applied directly to the social model. One practical consequence of the model is a hierarchy of knowledge transfer methodologies which defines the areas of application of the knowledge-engineering techniques already in use. This analysis clarifies some of the problems of expertise transfer noted in the literature, in particular, what forms of knowledge are accessible through what methodologies. The model is being used as a framework within which to extend and develop a family of knowledge-support systems to expedite the development of expert-system applications.

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