Consequences of boundary-spanning demands and resources for work-to-family conflict and perceived stress.

Using work-family border theory, this article examines relationships between boundary-spanning demands and resources and work-to-family conflict and perceived stress. The analysis uses data from 2,109 respondents from the 2002 National Study of the Changing Workforce. The demands that were positively related to work-to-family conflict and perceived stress were commuting time, bringing work home, job contacts at home, and work-family multitasking. Work-family multitasking partially explained the effects of bringing work home and job contacts at home on conflict and stress. For resources, time off for family responsibilities and a supportive work-family culture showed negative associations with conflict and stress. Work-to-family conflict partially mediated relationships between several demands and resources and perceived stress.

[1]  Nicholas J. Beutell,et al.  Work and Family Variables, Entrepreneurial Career Success, and Psychological Well-Being , 1996 .

[2]  Jeffrey H. Greenhaus,et al.  Sources of Conflict Between Work and Family Roles , 1985 .

[3]  Patricia Voydanoff.  The Effects of Work Demands and Resources on Work-to-Family Conflict and Facilitation , 2004 .

[4]  Michael R. Frone,et al.  Work-family balance. , 2003 .

[5]  Lois E. Tetrick,et al.  Handbook of occupational health psychology , 2003 .

[6]  Ashley P. Finley,et al.  Coverage and effectiveness of family-responsive workplace policies , 2002 .

[7]  Blake E. Ashforth,et al.  All in a Day'S Work: Boundaries and Micro Role Transitions , 2000 .

[8]  D. A. Kenny,et al.  The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. , 1986, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[9]  J. Glass,et al.  Housework, paid work, and depression among husbands and wives. , 1994, Journal of health and social behavior.

[10]  D. Bunzel,et al.  Work-Life Imbalance in Call Centres and Software Development , 2003 .

[11]  Jeffrey H. Greenhaus,et al.  Sources of work-family conflict among two-career couples , 1989 .

[12]  J. Hearn,et al.  European Perspectives on Men and Masculinities: National and Transnational Approaches , 2006 .

[13]  T. Allen.  Family-Supportive Work Environments: The Role of Organizational Perceptions , 2001 .

[14]  T. Kamarck,et al.  A global measure of perceived stress. , 1983, Journal of health and social behavior.

[15]  Wilmar B. Schaufeli,et al.  Job Demands and Job Resources as Predictors of Absence Duration and Frequency. , 2003 .

[16]  Gina M. Bellavia,et al.  Work-Family Conflict , 2005 .

[17]  P. Voydanoff.  Linkages Between the Work-family Interface and Work, Family, and Individual Outcomes , 2002 .

[18]  K. Klein,et al.  Work time, work interference with family, and psychological distress. , 2002, The Journal of applied psychology.

[19]  J. Hyde,et al.  Women, men, work, and family. , 2001 .

[20]  S. Lambert.  Workplace Policies as Social Policy , 1993, Social Service Review.

[21]  M. Frone,et al.  Handbook of work stress , 2005 .

[22]  Cary L. Cooper,et al.  Family-Responsive Interventions, Perceived Organizational and Supervisor Support, Work-Family Conflict, and Psychological Strain , 2003 .

[23]  P. M. Valcour,et al.  Human Resources Practices as Predictors of Work‐Family Outcomes and Employee Turnover , 2003 .

[24]  S. Anderson,et al.  Formal Organizational Initiatives and Informal Workplace Practices: Links to Work-Family Conflict and Job-Related Outcomes , 2002 .

[25]  A. Bakker,et al.  The job demands-resources model of burnout. , 2001, The Journal of applied psychology.

[26]  T. Judge,et al.  Job and life attitudes of male executives. , 1994, The Journal of applied psychology.

[27]  J. Hyde,et al.  Women, men, work, and family. An expansionist theory. , 2001, The American psychologist.

[28]  S. Clark.  Work/Family Border Theory: A New Theory of Work/Family Balance , 2000 .

[29]  D. Ganster,et al.  Impact of family-supportive work variables on work-family conflict and strain: A control perspective. , 1995 .

[30]  S. Bianchi,et al.  Time Strains and Psychological Well-Being , 2005 .

[31]  Jeffrey R. Edwards,et al.  Mechanisms Linking Work and Family: Clarifying the Relationship Between Work and Family Constructs , 2000 .

[32]  Jeffrey H. Greenhaus,et al.  Sources and conflict between work and family roles. , 1985 .

[33]  S. Grover,et al.  WHO APPRECIATES FAMILY‐RESPONSIVE HUMAN RESOURCE POLICIES: THE IMPACT OF FAMILY‐FRIENDLY POLICIES ON THE ORGANIZATIONAL ATTACHMENT OF PARENTS AND NON‐PARENTS , 1995 .

[34]  Laura L. Beauvais,et al.  When Work–Family Benefits Are Not Enough: The Influence of Work–Family Culture on Benefit Utilization, Organizational Attachment, and Work–Family Conflict☆☆☆★ , 1999 .

[35]  Patricia Voydanoff.  Work Demands and Work-to-Family and Family-to-Work Conflict , 2005 .

[36]  S. Folkman,et al.  Stress, appraisal, and coping , 1974 .