Connectivity Modeling and Analysis for Internet of Vehicles in Urban Road Scene

The connectivity of a large-scale heterogeneous Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is an important challenge for the environment of urban road scenes, which feature crossroads, buildings, and communication devices. The uneven density and wide distribution of vehicles in the city, the building barriers, and the interference of other communication technology will make the connectivity weaker. To the best of our knowledge, there is no formal method to model and analyze connectivity by considering the environment of urban road scenes. This paper presents such a theoretical method to investigate four connectivity properties—i.e., possibility, data forwarding time, link forwarding capability, and packet error rate—and deduce a connectivity model. Using experiments, we prove that the proposed model can ensure that the connectivity is effective and reliable in an urban road scene, and it can be used to accurately evaluate the network connectivity of a highly dynamic IoV.