Synthesis and characterization of Ba-Ferrite with variation of Nd2O3 additive by powder metallurgy method

Ba-ferrite is a material permanent magnet (PM) with formula stoichiometry BaFe12O19. In this experiment, that Ba-ferrite with additive 0%, 0,5% and 1,0 %wt. Nd2O3 have been made by using raw materials: BaCO3 (p.a) and Fe2O3 (p.a). The raw materials and additive were mixed and milled by using a ball mill for 24 hours and milling media is aquadest. After that the samples were dried at 100°C for 6 hours and then the samples were calcined at temperature 1000°C for 2 hours by using electrical furnace. The calcined samples were milled by using a ball mill for 6 hours and sieved until passing 400 mesh. That after all the powders were formed by using hydraulic pressure machine at pressure 40 MPa to obtain a pellet. The pellet was sintered with heating rate 10 °C / minute and at temperature 1150°C and holding time was 1 hour. According the characterization results show that the optimum of additive composition is 0.5%wt.Nd2O3, at this condition, the magnetic properties can increase about 40 %, where remanence value (mr) is 33.72 emu/g, the coercivity value (Hc) is 2.907 kOe and flux magnetic value is 650 Gauss. According the xrd results shows that the peak of Nd2O3 phase does not appear at sample with 0.5 % Nd2O3, but it appears at sample with 1.0 % Nd2O3.