The work and energetic cost of locomotion. I. The effects of limb mass distribution in quadrupeds.
暂无分享,去创建一个
[1] J. S. Dowker,et al. Fundamentals of Physics , 1970, Nature.
[2] Theodore Garland,et al. Comparative locomotor performance of marsupial and placental mammals , 1988 .
[3] Milton Hildebrand,et al. Form and Function in Vertebrate Feeding and Locomotion1 , 1988 .
[4] G. Cavagna,et al. Mechanical work in terrestrial locomotion: two basic mechanisms for minimizing energy expenditure. , 1977, The American journal of physiology.
[5] P. E. Martin. Mechanical and physiological responses to lower extremity loading during running. , 1985, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.
[6] S. A. Altmann,et al. The impact of locomotor energetics on mammalian foraging , 1987 .
[7] R. Blickhan,et al. Preferred speeds in terrestrial vertebrates: are they equivalent? , 1988, The Journal of experimental biology.
[8] G. Cavagna,et al. Mechanical work and efficiency in level walking and running , 1977, The Journal of physiology.
[9] Alexander Rm,et al. Factors of safety in the structure of animals. , 1981 .
[10] D. Winter,et al. Mechanical energy generation, absorption and transfer amongst segments during walking. , 1980, Journal of biomechanics.
[11] C. R. Taylor,et al. Scaling of energetic cost of running to body size in mammals. , 1970, The American journal of physiology.
[12] R. M. Alexander. Elastic Energy Stores in Running Vertebrates , 1984 .
[13] R. Blickhan,et al. Locomotion Energetics of the Ghost Crab: II. Mechanics of the Centre of Mass During Walking and Running , 1987 .
[14] T. McMahon,et al. Energetic Cost of Generating Muscular Force During Running: A Comparison of Large and Small Animals , 1980 .
[15] G. Cavagna,et al. Energetics and mechanics of terrestrial locomotion. IV. Total mechanical energy changes as a function of speed and body size in birds and mammals. , 1982, The Journal of experimental biology.
[16] R. Hurst,et al. Polar bear locomotion: body temperature and energetic cost , 1982 .
[17] Norman Heglund,et al. Locomotion in Lions: Energetic Cost and Maximum Aerobic Capacity , 1976, Physiological Zoology.
[18] R. McNeill Alexander,et al. Locomotion of animals , 1982 .
[19] A. Garrod. Animal Locomotion , 1874, Nature.
[20] Tobias J. Hagge,et al. Physics , 1929, Nature.
[21] N. Heglund,et al. Speed, stride frequency and energy cost per stride: how do they change with body size and gait? , 1988, The Journal of experimental biology.
[22] C. R. Taylor,et al. Force development during sustained locomotion: a determinant of gait, speed and metabolic power. , 1985, The Journal of experimental biology.
[23] D. F. Hoyt,et al. Gait and the energetics of locomotion in horses , 1981, Nature.
[24] J. Maynard Smith,et al. SOME LOCOMOTORY ADAPTATIONS IN MAMMALS. , 1956 .
[25] P. Cerretelli,et al. AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC METABOLISM IN EXERCISING DOGS. , 1964, Journal of applied physiology.
[26] Robert J. Full,et al. Energetics of hermit crabs during locomotion: The cost of carrying a shell , 1986 .
[27] Holger Preuschoft,et al. Environment, behavior, and morphology: dynamic interactions in primates , 1979 .
[28] W. Atchley,et al. Statistical Properties of Ratios. I. Empirical Results , 1976 .
[29] R. McN. Alexander,et al. Elastic strain energy storage in the feet of running monkeys , 1989 .
[30] P. Sparling,et al. Effect of experimental alterations in excess weight on aerobic capacity and distance running performance. , 1978, Medicine and science in sports.
[31] C. R. Taylor,et al. Running in cheetahs, gazelles, and goats: energy cost and limb configuration. , 1974, The American journal of physiology.
[32] N. Heglund,et al. Energetics and mechanics of terrestrial locomotion. I. Metabolic energy consumption as a function of speed and body size in birds and mammals. , 1982, The Journal of experimental biology.
[33] I. R. Cowan,et al. Stomatal function in relation to leaf metabolism and environment. , 1977, Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology.
[34] P R Cavanagh,et al. A model for the calculation of mechanical power during distance running. , 1983, Journal of biomechanics.
[35] C. R. Taylor,et al. Energetic Cost of Locomotion in Kangaroos , 1973, Nature.
[36] T. McMahon,et al. Size and Shape in Biology , 1973, Science.
[37] G. E. Goslow,et al. Electrical activity and relative length changes of dog limb muscles as a function of speed and gait. , 1981, The Journal of experimental biology.
[38] H. Kruuk,et al. COMPARATIVE NOTES ON PREDATION BY LION, LEOPARD, CHEETAH AND WILD DOG IN THE SERENGETI AREA, EAST AFRICA , 1967 .
[39] P R Cavanagh,et al. The efficiency of human movement--a statement of the problem. , 1985, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.
[40] M. Hildebrand,et al. Energy of the oscillating legs of a fast‐moving cheetah, pronghorn, jackrabbit, and elephant , 1985, Journal of morphology.
[41] N. Heglund,et al. Energetics and mechanics of terrestrial locomotion. II. Kinetic energy changes of the limbs and body as a function of speed and body size in birds and mammals. , 1982, The Journal of experimental biology.
[42] M. J. Myers,et al. Effect of limb mass and its distribution on the energetic cost of running. , 1985, The Journal of experimental biology.
[43] D. Winter,et al. Transfers of mechanical energy within the total body and mechanical efficiency during treadmill walking. , 1980, Ergonomics.
[44] L. Lanyon,et al. Mechanical function as an influence on the structure and form of bone. , 1976, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume.
[45] K Steudel,et al. Functional aspects of primate pelvic structure: a multivariate approach. , 1981, American journal of physical anthropology.
[46] M. Hildebrand. The Adaptive Significance of Tetrapod Gait Selection , 1980 .
[47] T. McMahon,et al. Scaling Stride Frequency and Gait to Animal Size: Mice to Horses , 1974, Science.
[48] R. Lande. NATURAL SELECTION AND RANDOM GENETIC DRIFT IN PHENOTYPIC EVOLUTION , 1976, Evolution; international journal of organic evolution.
[49] R. F. Goldman,et al. Energy expenditure of heavy load carriage. , 1978, Ergonomics.
[50] G. Cavagna,et al. MECHANICAL WORK IN RUNNING. , 1964, Journal of applied physiology.
[51] D. Winter. A new definition of mechanical work done in human movement. , 1979, Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology.
[52] T. Garland. Scaling the Ecological Cost of Transport to Body Mass in Terrestrial Mammals , 1983, The American Naturalist.
[53] R. Alexander,et al. Mechanics and scaling of terrestrial locomotion 93-110, illust , 1977 .
[54] N. Heglund,et al. Energetics and mechanics of terrestrial locomotion. , 1982, Annual review of physiology.
[55] T Fukunaga,et al. Effect of running velocity on external mechanical power output. , 1980, Ergonomics.
[56] R. Alexander,et al. Optimum strengths for bones liable to fatigue and accidental fracture. , 1984, Journal of theoretical biology.
[57] M. Nielsen,et al. Effect of Load Carriage on the Respiratory Metabolism of Running Worker Ants of Camponotus herculeanus (Formicidae) , 1982 .
[58] C. R. Taylor,et al. Running Up and Down Hills: Some Consequences of Size , 1972, Science.
[59] V R Edgerton,et al. Mechanical output of the cat soleus during treadmill locomotion: in vivo vs in situ characteristics. , 1988, Journal of biomechanics.
[60] N C Heglund,et al. Efficiency of vertebrate locomotory muscles. , 1985, The Journal of experimental biology.
[61] G. Cavagna,et al. Energetics and mechanics of terrestrial locomotion. III. Energy changes of the centre of mass as a function of speed and body size in birds and mammals. , 1982, The Journal of experimental biology.
[62] A. Biewener,et al. Bone stress in the horse forelimb during locomotion at different gaits: a comparison of two experimental methods. , 1983, Journal of biomechanics.
[63] K Steudel,et al. The work and energetic cost of locomotion. II. Partitioning the cost of internal and external work within a species. , 1990, The Journal of experimental biology.
[64] S. Hall,et al. Effects of extremity loading upon energy expenditure and running mechanics. , 1988, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.
[65] M. Fedak,et al. One-step N2-dilution technique for calibrating open-circuit VO2 measuring systems. , 1981, Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology.
[66] K. Williams. The relationship between mechanical and physiological energy estimates. , 1985, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.
[67] T. Williams. Locomotion in the North American mink, a semi-aquatic mammal. I. Swimming energetics and body drag. , 1983, The Journal of experimental biology.