A working description of the Penn State Apple Orchard Consultant, an expert system

Agricultural production has evolved into a complex business. It requires the accumulation and integration of knowledge and information from many diverse sources, including marketing; horticulture; insect, mite, disease, and weed management; accounting; and tax laws. Emerging sustainable practices require even more information (to substitute for purchased inputs) for implementation. Farm managers seldom have at their disposal all information available in a usable form when major management decisions must be made. Increasingly, modern growers must become experts in the acquisition of information for decision making in order to remain competitive. However, because integrating and interpreting information from many sources may be beyond the means of individual growers, they use the expertise of agricultural specialists. Unfortunately, the assistance of these specialists is becoming relatively scarce even as the complexity of agriculture is increasing. To alleviate this problem, current information must be structured and organized into an accessible system for growers and agricultural specialists. Because no organized structure is available for information storage and retrieval, technical information is often lost or unavailable to potential users. The use of electronic