Evaluating and Increasing the Renewable Energy Share of Customers’ Electricity Consumption

Demand response (DR) is a critical enabler for promoting the integration of significant renewable energy sources (RES) into power systems. However, the contribution of each customer to the amount of integrated RES in the entire system cannot be quantified based on current studies, which hinders the deployment and promotion of DR programs. To address this problem, an index to quantitatively evaluate the marginal impact on the amount of integrated RES in the whole system caused by a customer (MIR) was proposed in this paper. The MIR proved to be reasonable for the evaluation of the renewable energy share of a customer’s electricity consumption (RSC). We subsequently proposed an RSC-based DR scheme, in which customers are motivated to individually reshape their load profiles to obtain a higher RSC, which accordingly facilitates integrating RES in the whole system. Optimal load reshaping strategies were derived from a bilevel optimization model, which was converted into a mathematical program with primal and dual constraints (MPPDC). The test system was generated based on the load data from Open Energy Information and RES data from the PJM. We corroborated the RSC evaluation result analytically and numerically. Further tests on the RSC-based DR scheme showed it could help facilitate integrating considerably more RES into the power system.