Fabrication and modeling of an ultrasensitive label free impedimetric immunosensor for Aflatoxin B1 based on poly(o-phenylenediamine) modified gold 3D nano electrode ensembles

An ultrasensitive label free impedimetric immunosensor for AFB1 detection was fabricated based on poly(o-phenylenediamine) (PoPD) electropolymerized film modified gold three dimensional nanoelectrode ensembles (3DNEEs). The nanoelectrode ensembles were fabricated by template synthesis in track etched polycarbonate (PC) membranes. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used for the evaluation of the properties of 3DNEEs. Anti-AFB1 was directionally immobilized on Staphylococcus protein A (SpA) with orientation functions. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were employed to characterize the fabrication process and optimize working conditions. The interface model of molecular recognition was constructed and reasonably interpreted. The detection limit was 0.019 ng mL−1 (S/N = 3). The linear detection concentration range of AFB1 was from 0.04 to 8.0 ng mL−1.

[1]  P. Ugo,et al.  Nanoelectrode ensembles for the direct voltammetric determination of trace iodide in water , 2010 .

[2]  Ke-ning Sun,et al.  Tailor-made gold brush nanoelectrode ensembles modified with l-cysteine for the detection of daunorubicine , 2008 .

[3]  F. X. Bosch,et al.  Reducing Liver Cancer--Global Control of Aflatoxin , 1999, Science.

[4]  R. Holze,et al.  Spectroelectrochemistry of poly(o-phenylenediamine): Polyaniline-like segments in the polymer structure , 2011 .

[5]  Giuseppe Palleschi,et al.  Electrochemical immunosensor for determination of aflatoxin B1 in barley , 2004 .

[6]  Fabrication and characterization of a chemically oxidized-nanostructured porous silicon based biosensor implementing orienting protein A. , 2014, Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces.

[7]  C. Bala,et al.  Development of a bio-electrochemical assay for AFB1 detection in olive oil. , 2009, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[8]  Timothy D Phillips,et al.  Human aflatoxicosis in developing countries: a review of toxicology, exposure, potential health consequences, and interventions. , 2004, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[9]  Arunas Ramanavicius,et al.  Application of oriented and random antibody immobilization methods in immunosensor design , 2013 .

[10]  N. Wu,et al.  Study on the Novel Label Free Impedimetric Immunosensor for Aflatoxin B1 Based on Poly(o-phenylenediamine) Film Modified Gold Electrode , 2011 .

[11]  Paolo Ugo,et al.  Bioelectroanalysis with nanoelectrode ensembles and arrays , 2013, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry.

[12]  Elke Anklam,et al.  New Strategies for the Screening and Determination of Aflatoxins and the Detection of Aflatoxin-Producing Moulds in Food and Feed. , 2002 .

[13]  G. Palleschi,et al.  An electrochemical immunosensor for aflatoxin M1 determination in milk using screen-printed electrodes. , 2005, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[14]  G. Palleschi,et al.  Detection of Aflatoxin B1 in Barley: Comparative Study of Immunosensor and HPLC , 2006 .

[15]  Baoping Lin,et al.  Nitroxyl induced fluorescence enhancement via reduction of a copper(II) coumarin-ester complex: Its application for bioimaging in vivo , 2012 .

[16]  Ping Wang,et al.  Screen-printed gold electrode with gold nanoparticles modification for simultaneous electrochemical determination of lead and copper , 2015 .

[17]  Yon Hui Kim,et al.  A nanowire-based label-free immunosensor: direct incorporation of a PSA antibody in electropolymerized polypyrrole. , 2014, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[18]  N. Hooper,et al.  A label-free electrical impedimetric biosensor for the specific detection of Alzheimer's amyloid-beta oligomers. , 2014, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[19]  M. H. Banitaba,et al.  Study of interactions between DNA and aflatoxin B1 using electrochemical and fluorescence methods. , 2011, Analytical biochemistry.

[20]  Jack F Kirsch,et al.  Pyridoxal phosphate enzymes: mechanistic, structural, and evolutionary considerations. , 2003, Annual review of biochemistry.

[21]  Ling-ling Wu,et al.  Spectroelectrochemical studies of poly-o-phenylenediamine. Part 1. In situ resonance Raman spectroscopy , 1996 .

[22]  Ping Wang,et al.  An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for carcinoembryonic antigen detection based on staphylococcal protein A—Au nanoparticle modified gold electrode , 2014 .

[23]  A. De,et al.  Label free polyaniline based impedimetric biosensor for detection of E. coli O157:H7 Bacteria , 2012 .

[24]  Spatial Variation of Permittivity near a Charged Membrane in Contact with Electrolyte Solution , 2010 .

[25]  Li Ruiyi,et al.  An immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of aflatoxin B1 with an enhanced electrochemical performance based on graphene/conducting polymer/gold nanoparticles/the ionic liquid composite film on modified gold electrode with electrodeposition , 2012 .

[26]  L. Brimer,et al.  A Review on Aflatoxin Contamination and Its Implications in the Developing World: A Sub-Saharan African Perspective , 2013, Critical reviews in food science and nutrition.

[27]  M. Taussig,et al.  Crystal structure of a Staphylococcus aureus protein A domain complexed with the Fab fragment of a human IgM antibody: structural basis for recognition of B-cell receptors and superantigen activity. , 2000, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[28]  D. Jang,et al.  Electropolymerization Mechanism for Poly(o-phenylenediamine)(PPD) and Its Electrocatalytic Behavior for O2 Reduction , 1995 .

[29]  M. Klich.  Aspergillus flavus: the major producer of aflatoxin. , 2007, Molecular plant pathology.

[30]  C. G. Zoski,et al.  Fabrication of 3D gold nanoelectrode ensembles by chemical etching. , 2005, Analytical chemistry.

[31]  Charles R. Martin,et al.  FABRICATION AND EVALUATION OF NANOELECTRODE ENSEMBLES , 1995 .

[32]  P. Ugo,et al.  Electrochemical immunosensor based on ensemble of nanoelectrodes for immunoglobulin IgY detection: application to identify hen's egg yolk in tempera paintings. , 2014, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[33]  A. Ignaszak,et al.  Modelling of the impedimetric responses of an aflatoxin B1 immunosensor prepared on an electrosynthetic polyaniline platform , 2007, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[34]  P. Ugo,et al.  3D-Ensembles of Gold Nanowires: Preparation, Characterization and Electroanalytical Peculiarities , 2007 .

[35]  G. Palleschi,et al.  Electrochemical immunosensor array using a 96-well screen-printed microplate for aflatoxin B1 detection. , 2007, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[36]  M. Rance,et al.  Characterization of the binding interface between the E-domain of Staphylococcal protein A and an antibody Fv-fragment. , 2000, Biochemistry.

[37]  M. Stoytcheva,et al.  Some clinical applications of the electrochemical biosensors. , 2012, Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry.

[38]  D. Kirk,et al.  Gold 3D Brush Nanoelectrode Ensembles with Enlarged Active Area for the Direct Voltammetry of Daunorubicin , 2009 .