WITHDRAWN: A Mini Review of Biological Phosphorus Removal and its Mathematical Modelling for Activated Sludge and Membrane Bioreactor Processes in Wastewater Treatment

Abstract The modified activated sludge processes for enhanced biological phosphorus removal need to sustain stable performance for wastewater treatment to avoid eutrophication in the aquatic environment. Unfortunately, the overall potential for enhanced biological phosphorus removal in Activated Sludge Processes (ASPs) and Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs) is frequently hindered by different operational/system constraints often coupled with unpredictable environmental disturbances. This paper presents a critical review highlighting the core issues and problems of the biological phosphorus removal in ASPs and MBRs. A critical review of the major process requirements for and constraints of enhanced biological phosphorus removal is made including discussion about the inhibitory process requirements for the other nutrients removal affecting the phosphorus removal. Although phosphorus removal data from several lab-scale and full-scale ASPs and MBR systems are available, a comprehensive mathematical model for describing phosphorus removal is still lacking. Hence, this mini review also provides a critical assessment of the available mathematical models for predicting phosphorus removal in both ASPs and MBR systems. The advantages and limitations of the existing models have been discussed, and few guidelines for their improvement have been put forward.

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