Revisited immune reactivity between native semi-purified protoplasmic (caprine) versus commercial purified protoplasmic (bovine) antigens for the screening of goatherds endemic for Johne’s disease

The present study compared the immune-reactivity of 3 antigens of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) sourced from different geographical regions and livestock species for the diagnosis of Johne’s disease (JD) in goats. Screening of 360 faecal and serum samples of goats by microscopy, i-ELISA, b-ELISA and r-ELISA gave 56.9, 40.0, 34.4 and 5.2% positive samples, respectively. Considering all the 4 tests (microscopy, i-ELISA, b-ELISA & r-ELISA kits), 3.0 and 35.2% goats were found common positive and negative, respectively. Of 3 ELISA tests, i-ELISA had the highest sensitivity, followed by b-ELISA and r-ELISA kit. ‘i-ELISA’ based on ‘indigenous antigen’ recovered from native (‘Indian Bison Type’) MAP strain of goat origin had superior immune reactivity as compared to imported commercial PPAs (protoplasmic antigens) of bovine origin (b-ELISA from Allied Monitor Inc., USA) and commercial ELISA kit for ruminant species (ID Vet, France). Lower immune-reactivity of commercial antigens as compared to ‘indigenous antigen’ indicated that search for universally acceptable ‘ELISA kit’ is not practically possible.

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