An ultra-low power, low voltage DC-DC converter circuit for energy harvesting applications

Abstract In this paper a compact, fully-integrated voltage multiplier with a low start-up voltage is presented for energy harvesting applications. Two voltage doublers are cascaded with the overall conversion ratio of 2 and 4. The voltage multiplier has a 2-phase clock signal with a wide range of operating frequency from 1 kHz to 1 MHz. Cascading and positive feedback with cross-coupled gates have been used to increase the efficiency and conversion ratio of the converter. The DC-DC converter has an efficiency of more than 70% when operating from a 0.34 V input voltage and generating 1.28 V output voltage. The proposed voltage multiplier has a power consumption of 36 nW to 1.24 μW for input voltage range of 280–450 mV in 0.18 μm CMOS technology.

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